Pesticidal mixture comprising a carboxamide compound and a biopesticide

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to pesticidal mixtures comprising as active components at least one active compound selected from compounds of formula I, formula Ia, and mixtures thereof and at least one biopesticide II. Furthermore, the present invention relates to seed treatment compositions comprising said mixtures, to methods and uses comprising the application of these mixtures and to seeds comprising the mixtures of the invention or a seed treatment composition thereof.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/557,334, which is the U.S. National Phase Application of PCT/EP2016/055105, filed Mar. 10, 2016, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/131,291, filed Mar. 11, 2015, and claims priority to EP Application No. 15201359.5, filed Dec. 18, 2015; the contents of all of the aforementioned applications are hereby expressly incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.

DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to mixtures of pesticidal active compounds having synergistically enhanced action and to methods and uses comprising applying said mixtures.

One typical problem arising in the field of pest control lies in the need to reduce the dosage rates of the active ingredient in order to reduce or avoid unfavorable environmental or toxicological effects whilst still allowing effective pest control.

Another problem encountered concerns the need to have available pest control agents which are effective against a broad spectrum of pests.

There also exists the need for pest control agents that combine knock-down activity with prolonged control, that is, fast action with long lasting action.

Another difficulty in relation to the use of pesticides is that the repeated and exclusive application of an individual pesticidal compound leads in many cases to a rapid selection of pests which have developed natural or adapted resistance against the active compound in question.

Therefore there is a need for pest control agents that help prevent or overcome resistance induced by pesticides.

Furthermore, there is a desire for pesticide compounds or combinations of compounds, which—when applied—improve plants and which may result in “plant health”, “vitality of plant propagation material” or “increased plant yield”.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide pesticidal mixtures, which solve one or more than one of the discussed problems such as

reducing the dosage rate,

enhancing the spectrum of activity,

combining knock-down activity with prolonged control,

improving resistance management,

improving plant health,

improving vitality of plant propagation material, also termed seed vitality,

increasing plant yield.

It has been found that this object is in part or in whole achieved by the combination of active compounds defined below.

The present invention relates to pesticidal mixtures comprising as active components

1) at least one pesticidal active carboxamide compound I selected from

-   -   i) compound i) of formula (I):

-   -   ii) compound ii) of formula (Ia)

iii) mixtures comprising i) and ii)

or the tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers or salts thereof,

and

2) at least one biopesticide II selected from the groups L1 to L5:

-   -   L1) Microbial pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal,         viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: Ampelomyces         quisqualis, Aspergillus flavus, Aureobasidium pullulans,         Bacillus altitudinis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. megaterium, B.         mojavensis, B. mycoides, B. pumilus, B. simplex, B.         solisalsi, B. subtilis, B. subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens,         Candida oleophila, C. saitoana, Clavibacter michiganensis         (bacteriophages), Coniothyrium minitans, Cryphonectria         parasitica, Cryptococcus albidus, Dilophosphora alopecuri,         Fusarium oxysporum, Clonostachys rosea F. catenulate (also named         Gliocladium catenulatum), Gliocladium roseum, Lysobacter         antibioticus, L. enzymogenes, Metschnikowia fructicola,         Microdochium dimerum, Microsphaeropsis ochracea, Muscodor albus,         Paenibacillus alvei, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Pantoea vagans,         Penicillium bilaiae, P. steckii, Phlebiopsis gigantea,         Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas chloraphis, Pseudozyma flocculosa,         Pichia anomala, Pythium oligandrum, Sphaerodes mycoparasitica,         Streptomyces griseoviridis, S. lydicus, S. violaceusniger,         Talaromyces flavus, Trichoderma asperelloides, T. asperellum, T.         atroviride, T. fertile, T. gamsii, T. harmatum, T. harzianum, T.         polysporum, T. stromaticum, T. virens, T. viride, Typhula         phacorrhiza, Ulocladium oudemansii, Verticillium dahlia,         zucchini yellow mosaic virus (avirulent strain);     -   L2) Biochemical pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal,         viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: harpin         protein, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract;     -   L3) Microbial pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal,         molluscidal and/or nematicidal activity: Agrobacterium         radiobacter, Bacillus cereus, B. firmus, B. thuringiensis, B.         thuringiensis ssp. aizawai, B. t. ssp. israelensis, B. t. ssp.         galleriae, B. t. ssp. kurstaki, B. t. ssp. tenebrionis,         Beauveria bassiana, B. brongniartii, Burkholderia sp.,         Chromobacterium subtsugae, Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV),         Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV), Flavobacterium         sp., Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV),         Helicoverpa zea nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzNPV), Helicoverpa zea         single capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzSNPV), Heterorhabditis         bacteriophora, Isaria fumosorosea, Lecanicillium longisporum, L.         muscarium, Metarhizium anisopliae, Metarhizium anisopliae var.         anisopliae, M. anisopliae var. acridum, Nomuraea rileyi,         Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, P. lilacinus, Paenibacillus         popilliae, Pasteuria sp., P. nishizawae, P. penetrans, P.         ramosa, P. thornea, P. usgae, Pseudomonas fluorescens,         Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliNPV),         Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae, S. kraussei, Streptomyces         galbus, S. microflavus;     -   L4) Biochemical pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal,         molluscidal, pheromone and/or nematicidal activity: L-carvone,         citral, (E,Z)-7,9-dodecadien-1-yl acetate, ethyl formate,         (E,Z)-2,4-ethyl decadienoate (pear ester),         (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal, heptyl butyrate, isopropyl         myristate, lavanulyl senecioate, cis-jasmone, 2-methyl         1-butanol, methyl eugenol, methyl jasmonate, jasmonic acid or         salts or derivatives thereof, (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol,         (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol acetate,         (E,Z)-3,13-octadecadien-1-ol, R-1-octen-3-ol, pentatermanone,         (E,Z,Z)-3,8,11-tetradecatrienyl acetate,         (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate, Z-7-tetradecen-2-one,         Z-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate, Z-11-tetradecenal,         Z-11-tetradecen-1-ol, extract of Chenopodium ambrosiodes, Neem         oil, Quillay extract;     -   L5) Microbial pesticides with plant stress reducing, plant         growth regulator, plant growth promoting and/or yield enhancing         activity: A. lipoferum, A. irakense, A. halopraeferens, B.         liaoningense, B. lupini, Delftia acidovorans, Glomus         intraradices, Mesorhizobium sp., Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.         phaseoli, R. l. bv. trifolii, R. l. bv. viciae, Sinorhizobium         meliloti;

in synergistically effective amounts.

In a preferred embodiment of this invention compound I is compound i) of formula (I).

Compound i) of formula (I) is also named Compound I of formula (I).

Moreover, it has been found that simultaneous, that is joint or separate, application of one active carboxamide compound (I) and one or more biopesticide(s) II or successive application (that is immediately one after another and thereby creating the mixture “in-situ” on the desired location, as e.g. the plant) of one active carboxamide compound I and one or more biopesticide(s) II allows enhanced control of pests compared to the control rates that are possible with the individual compounds. Therefore, the term “mixture” as used herein is intended to include also combinations.

The present invention also relates to a seed treatment composition comprising a mixture of the active carboxamide compound I and at least one biopesticide II as defined above as well as at least one auxiliary.

The present invention also relates to the use of the mixture of the active carboxamide compound I and at least one biopesticide II for protecting a plant, plant propagation material, or soil or water, in which the plants are growing, against the attack or infestation by invertebrate pests. In particular, the present invention relates to the use of the mixture of the active carboxamide compound I and at least one biopesticide II for protecting plant propagation material, preferably seeds, from soil insects and the seedlings' roots and shoots from soil and foliar insects, wherein the plant progagation material as e.g. the seeds are contacted with a pesticidally effective amount of the mixture before sowing and/or after pregermination.

The present invention further relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests, which method comprises contacting the plant or the plant propagation material or the soil; the pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds, with a pesticidally effective amount of the mixture of the active carboxamide compound I and at least one biopesticide II.

The present invention further relates to a method for controlling nematodes, which method comprises contacting the plant or the plant propagation material, such as the seeds, or the soil; the pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds, with a pesticidally effective amount of the mixture of the active carboxamide compound I and at least one biopesticide II with nematicidal activity.

The invention also provides seeds comprising the mixture of at least one active compound I and at least one biopesticide II.

The mixture(s) of at least one active compound selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii) with at least one biopesticide II are herein referred to as “mixture(s) according to the invention” or “mixture(s) of the invention”, wherein the compounds selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii) are understood to include their stereoisomers, salts, tautomers or N-oxides, or a polymorphic crystalline form, a co-crystal or a solvate of a compound or a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof.

In a specific embodiment, the mixture according to the invention is a mixture of one active compound selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii), preferably compound i) of formula I with one biopesticide II (binary mixture). In another embodiment, the mixture according to the invention is a mixture of one active compound selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii), preferably compound i) of formula I with at least one biopesticide II.

In yet another embodiment, the mixture according to the invention is a mixture of one active compound selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii), preferably compound i) of formula I with one biopesticide II and another insecticidal active compound III (ternary mixture).

In yet another embodiment, the mixture according to the invention is a mixture of one active compound selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii), preferably compound i) of formula I with one biopesticide II and one fungicidal active compound III (ternary mixture).

The term “composition(s) according to the invention or composition(s) of the present invention” encompasses composition(s) comprising the mixtures of the invention, i.e. mixtures of the compounds selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii), preferably compound i) of formula I with at least one biopesticide II for being used and/or applied in methods according to the invention as defined herein, wherein the compounds selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii), preferably compound i) of formula I are understood to include their stereoisomers, salts, tautomers or N-oxides, or a polymorphic crystalline form, a co-crystal or a solvate of a compound or a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof.

Compound I

Carboxamide derivatives showing generally pesticidal activity have been described previously. WO200573165 and WO2010018714 describe carboxamide compounds, their preparation and their use as pest control agents. WO2007013150, JP2011-157294, JP2011-157295 and JP2011-157296 describe mixtures of carboxamides with other active ingredients.

Preparation of the carboxamide compound of formula I can further be accomplished according to standard methods of organic chemistry, e.g. by the methods or working examples described in WO 2010/018857 without being limited to the routes given therein.

The carboxamide compound i of formula I, which has been provisionally approved under the common name broflanilide, has been described in combination with fungicidal active compounds in PCT/EP2014/072189 or with insecticidal active compounds in PCT/EP2014/072183.

The synthesis of carboxamide compound ii of formula Ia, which is also known under the name desmethyl-broflanilide, and/or similar compounds has been described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,686,044 (inter alia columns 75 to 76) and EP1714958A1.

However, individual mixtures of the carboxamide compound I of formula I with selected biopesticides have not been described previously.

The prior art does not disclose pesticidal mixtures comprising such selected carboxamide compound according to the present invention showing unexpected and synergistic effects in combination with biopestiocides.

The compound selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii), preferably compound i) of formula I includes its tautomers, racemic mixtures, individual pure enantiomers and diasteroemers and the optically active mixtures.

The term compound of formula I or “compound I according to the invention” or “component 1” comprises the compound as defined herein as well as a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or N-oxide thereof. The term “compound of the present invention” is to be understood as equivalent to the term “compound according to the invention”, therefore also comprising a stereoisomer, salt, tautomer or possibly N-oxide thereof.

Compounds II

Biopesticides have been defined as a form of pesticides based on micro-organisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses, nematodes, etc.) or natural products (compounds, such as metabolites, proteins, or extracts from biological or other natural sources) (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: www.epa.gov/pesticides/biopesticides/). Biopesticides fall into two major classes, microbial and biochemical pesticides:

(1) Microbial pesticides consist of bacteria, fungi or viruses (and often include the metabolites that bacteria and fungi produce). Entomopathogenic nematodes are also classified as microbial pesticides, even though they are multi-cellular.

(2) Biochemical pesticides are naturally occurring substances or structurally-similar and functionally identical to a naturally-occurring substance and extracts from biological sources that control pests or provide other crop protection uses as defined below, but have non-toxic mode of actions (such as growth or developmental regulation, attractents, repellents or defence activators (e.g. induced resistance) and are relatively non-toxic to mammals.

The biopesticides from group L1) and/or L2) may also have insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscidal, pheromone, nematicidal, plant stress reducing, plant growth regulator, plant growth promoting and/or yield enhancing activity. The biopesticides from group L3) and/or L4) may also have fungicidal, bactericidal, viricidal, plant defense activator, plant stress reducing, plant growth regulator, plant growth promoting and/or yield enhancing activity. The biopesticides from group L5) may also have fungicidal, bactericidal, viricidal, plant defense activator, insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscidal, pheromone and/or nematicidal activity.

Many of these biopesticides have been deposited under deposition numbers mentioned herein (the prefices such as ATCC or DSM refer to the acronym of the respective culture collection, for details see e. g. here: www. wfcc.info/ccinfo/collection/by_acronym/), are referred to in literature, registered and/or are commercially available: mixtures of Aureobasidium pullulans DSM 14940 and DSM 14941 isolated in 1989 in Konstanz, Germany (e. g. blastospores in BlossomProtect® from bio-ferm GmbH, Austria), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain AP-188 (NRRL B-50615 and B-50331; U.S. Pat. No. 8,445,255); B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum D747 isolated from air in Kikugawa-shi, Japan (US 20130236522 A1; FERM BP-8234; e. g. Double Nickel™ 55 WDG from Certis LLC, USA), B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum FZB24 isolated from soil in Brandenburg, Germany (also called SB3615; DSM 96-2; J. Plant Dis. Prot. 105, 181-197, 1998; e. g. Taegro® from Novozyme Biologicals, Inc., USA), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB42 isolated from soil in Brandenburg, Germany (DSM 23117; J. Plant Dis. Prot. 105, 181-197, 1998; e. g. RhizoVital® 42 from AbiTEP GmbH, Germany), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum MBI600 isolated from faba bean in Sutton Bonington, Nottinghamshire, U.K. at least before 1988 (also called 1430; NRRL B-50595; US 2012/0149571 A1; e. g. Integral® from BASF Corp., USA), B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum QST-713 isolated from peach orchard in 1995 in California, U.S.A. (NRRL B-21661; e. g. Serenade® MAX from Bayer Crop Science LP, USA), B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum TJ1000 isolated in 1992 in South Dakota, U.S.A. (also called 1BE; ATCC BAA-390; CA 2471555 A1; e. g. QuickRoots™ from TJ Technologies, Watertown, S.D., USA), B. firmus CNCM I-1582, a variant of parental strain EIP-N1 (CNCM 1-1556) isolated from soil of central plain area of Israel (WO 2009/126473, U.S. Pat. No. 6,406,690; e. g. Votivo® from Bayer CropScience LP, USA), B. pumilus GHA 180 isolated from apple tree rhizosphere in Mexico (IDAC 260707-01; e. g. PRO-MIX® BX from Premier Horticulture, Quebec, Canada), B. pumilus INR-7 otherwise referred to as BU-F22 and BU-F33 isolated at least before 1993 from cucumber infested by Erwinia tracheiphila (NRRL B-50185, NRRL B-50153; U.S. Pat. No. 8,445,255), B. pumilus KFP9F isolated from the rhizosphere of grasses in South Africa at least before 2008 (NRRL B-50754; WO 2014/029697; e. g. BAC-UP or FUSION-P from BASF Agricultural Specialities (Pty) Ltd., South Africa), B. pumilus QST 2808 was isolated from soil collected in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia, in 1998 (NRRL B-30087; e. g. Sonata® or Ballad® Plus from Bayer Crop Science LP, USA), B. simplex ABU 288 (NRRL B-50304; U.S. Pat. No. 8,445,255), B. subtilis FB17 also called UD 1022 or UD10-22 isolated from red beet roots in North America (ATCC PTA-11857; System. Appl. Microbiol. 27, 372-379, 2004; US 2010/0260735; WO 2011/109395); B. thuringiensis ssp. aizawai ABTS-1857 isolated from soil taken from a lawn in Ephraim, Wis., U.S.A., in 1987 (also called ABG-6346; ATCC SD-1372; e. g. XenTari® from BioFa AG, Münsingen, Germany), B. t. ssp. kurstaki ABTS-351 identical to HD-1 isolated in 1967 from diseased Pink Bollworm black larvae in Brownsville, Tex., U.S.A. (ATCC SD-1275; e. g. Dipel® DF from Valent BioSciences, Ill., USA), B. t. ssp. kurstaki SB4 isolated from E. saccharina larval cadavers (NRRL B-50753; e. g. Beta Pro® from BASF Agricultural Specialities (Pty) Ltd., South Africa), B. t. ssp. tenebrionis NB-176-1, a mutant of strain NB-125, a wild type strain isolated in 1982 from a dead pupa of the beetle Tenebrio molitor (DSM 5480; EP 585 215 B1; e. g. Novodor® from Valent BioSciences, Switzerland), Beauveria bassiana GHA (ATCC 74250; e. g. BotaniGard® 22WGP from Laverlam Int. Corp., USA), B. bassiana JW-1 (ATCC 74040; e. g. Naturalis® from CBC (Europe) S.r.I., Italy), B. bassiana PPRI 5339 isolated from the larva of the tortoise beetle Conchyloctenia punctata (NRRL 50757; e. g. BroadBand® from BASF Agricultural Specialities (Pty) Ltd., South Africa), Burkholderia sp. A396 isolated from soil in Nikko, Japan, in 2008 (NRRL B-50319; WO 2013/032693; Marrone Bio Innovations, Inc., USA), Coniothyrium minitans CON/M/91-08 isolated from oilseed rape (WO 1996/021358; DSM 9660; e. g. Contans® WG, Intercept® WG from Bayer CropScience AG, Germany), harpin (alpha-beta) protein (Science 257, 85-88, 1992; e. g. Messenger™ or HARP-N-Tek from Plant Health Care plc, U.K.), Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) (J. Invertebrate Pathol. 107, 112-126, 2011; e. g. Helicovex® from Adermatt Biocontrol, Switzerland; Diplomata® from Koppert, Brazil; Vivus® Max from AgBiTech Pty Ltd., Queensland, Australia), Helicoverpa zea single capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzSNPV) (e. g. Gemstar® from Certis LLC, USA), Helicoverpa zea nucleopolyhedrovirus ABA-NPV-U (e. g. Heligen® from AgBiTech Pty Ltd., Queensland, Australia), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (e. g. Nemasys® G from BASF Agricultural Specialities Limited, UK), Isaria fumosorosea Apopka-97 isolated from mealy bug on gynura in Apopka, Fla., U.S.A. (ATCC 20874; Biocontrol Science Technol. 22(7), 747-761, 2012; e. g. PFR-97™ or PreFeRal® from Certis LLC, USA), Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae F52 also called 275 or V275 isolated from codling moth in Austria (DSM 3884, ATCC 90448; e. g. Met52® Novozymes Biologicals BioAg Group, Canada), Metschnikowia fructicola 277 isolated from grapes in the central part of Israel (U.S. Pat. No. 6,994,849; NRRL Y-30752; e. g. formerly Shemer® from Agrogreen, Israel), Paecilomyces ilacinus 251 isolated from infected nematode eggs in the Philippines (AGAL 89/030550; WO1991/02051; Crop Protection 27, 352-361, 2008; e. g. BioAct®from Bayer CropScience AG, Germany and MeloCon® from Certis, USA), Paenibacillus alvei NAS6G6 isolated from the rhizosphere of grasses in South Africa at least before 2008 (WO 2014/029697; NRRL B-50755; e.g. BAC-UP from BASF Agricultural Specialities (Pty) Ltd., South Africa), Pasteuria nishizawae Pn1 isolated from a soybean field in the mid-2000s in Illinois, U.S.A. (ATCC SD-5833; Federal Register 76(22), 5808, Feb. 2, 2011; e.g. Clariva™ PN from Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, USA), Penicillium bilaiae (also called P. bilaii) strains ATCC 18309 (=ATCC 74319), ATCC 20851 and/or ATCC 22348 (=ATCC 74318) originally isolated from soil in Alberta, Canada (Fertilizer Res. 39, 97-103, 1994; Can. J. Plant Sci. 78(1), 91-102, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 5,026,417, WO 1995/017806; e. g. Jump Start®, Provide® from Novozymes Biologicals BioAg Group, Canada), Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (EP 0307510 B1; e. g. Regalia® SC from Marrone Biolnnovations, Davis, Calif., USA or Milsana® from BioFa AG, Germany), Steinemema carpocapsae (e. g. Millenium® from BASF Agricultural Specialities Limited, UK), S. feltiae (e. g. Nemashield® from BioWorks, Inc., USA; Nemasys® from BASF Agricultural Specialities Limited, UK), Streptomyces microflavus NRRL B-50550 (WO 2014/124369; Bayer CropScience, Germany), Trichoderma asperelloides JM41R isolated in South Africa (NRRL 50759; also referred to as T. fertile; e. g. Trichoplus® from BASF Agricultural Specialities (Pty) Ltd., South Africa), T. harzianum T-22 also called KRL-AG2 (ATCC 20847; BioControl 57, 687-696, 2012; e. g. Plantshield® from BioWorks Inc., USA or SabrEx™ from Advanced Biological Marketing Inc., Van Wert, Ohio, USA).

Preferred biopesticides, which have been deposited under deposition numbers mentioned herein (the prefices such as ATCC or DSM refer to the acronym of the respective culture collection, for details see e. g. here: www. wfcc.info/ccinfo/collection/by_acronym/), are referred to in literature, registered and/or are commercially available: mixtures of Aureobasidium pullulans DSM 14940 and DSM 14941 isolated in 1989 in Konstanz, Germany (e. g. blastospores in BlossomProtect® from bio-ferm GmbH, Austria), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain AP-188 (NRRL B-50615 and B-50331; U.S. Pat. No. 8,445,255); B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum D747 isolated from air in Kikugawa-shi, Japan (US 20130236522 A1; FERM BP-8234; e. g. Double Nickel™ 55 WDG from Certis LLC, USA), B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum FZB24 isolated from soil in Brandenburg, Germany (also called SB3615; DSM 96-2; J. Plant Dis. Prot. 105, 181-197, 1998; e. g. Taegro® from Novozyme Biologicals, Inc., USA), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB42 isolated from soil in Brandenburg, Germany (DSM 23117; J. Plant Dis. Prot. 105, 181-197, 1998; e. g. RhizoVital® 42 from AbiTEP GmbH, Germany), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum MBI600 isolated from faba bean in Sutton Bonington, Nottinghamshire, U.K. at least before 1988 (also called 1430; NRRL B-50595; US 2012/0149571 A1; e. g. Integral® from BASF Corp., USA), B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum QST-713 isolated from peach orchard in 1995 in California, U.S.A. (NRRL B-21661; e. g. Serenade® MAX from Bayer Crop Science LP, USA), B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum TJ1000 isolated in 1992 in South Dakoda, U.S.A. (also called 1BE; ATCC BAA-390; CA 2471555 A1; e. g. QuickRoots™ from TJ Technologies, Watertown, S.D., USA), B. firmus CNCM 1-1582, a variant of parental strain EIP-N1 (CNCM 1-1556) isolated from soil of central plain area of Israel (WO 2009/126473, U.S. Pat. No. 6,406,690; e. g. Votivo® from Bayer CropScience LP, USA), B. pumilus GHA 180 isolated from apple tree rhizosphere in Mexico (IDAC 260707-01; e. g. PRO-MIX® BX from Premier Horticulture, Quebec, Canada), B. pumilus INR-7 otherwise referred to as BU-F22 and BU-F33 isolated at least before 1993 from cucumber infested by Erwinia tracheiphila (NRRL B-50185, NRRL B-50153; U.S. Pat. No. 8,445,255), B. pumilus QST 2808 was isolated from soil collected in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia, in 1998 (NRRL B-30087; e. g. Sonata® or Ballad® Plus from Bayer Crop Science LP, USA), B. simplex ABU 288 (NRRL B-50304; U.S. Pat. No. 8,445,255), B. subtilis FB17 also called UD 1022 or UD10-22 isolated from red beet roots in North America (ATCC PTA-11857; System. Appl. Microbiol. 27, 372-379, 2004; US 2010/0260735; WO 2011/109395); B. thuringiensis ssp. aizawai ABTS-1857 isolated from soil taken from a lawn in Ephraim, Wis., U.S.A., in 1987 (also called ABG-6346; ATCC SD-1372; e. g. XenTari® from BioFa AG, Münsingen, Germany), B. t. ssp. kurstaki ABTS-351 identical to HD-1 isolated in 1967 from diseased Pink Bollworm black larvae in Brownsville, Tex., U.S.A. (ATCC SD-1275; e. g. Dipel® DF from Valent BioSciences, Ill., USA), B. t. ssp. tenebrionis NB-176-1, a mutant of strain NB-125, a wild type strain isolated in 1982 from a dead pupa of the beetle Tenebrio molitor (DSM 5480; EP 585 215 B1; e. g. Novodor® from Valent BioSciences, Switzerland), Beauveria bassiana GHA (ATCC 74250; e. g. BotaniGard® 22WGP from Laverlam Int. Corp., USA), B. bassiana JW-1 (ATCC 74040; e. g. Naturalis® from CBC (Europe) S.r.I., Italy), Burkholderia sp. A396 isolated from soil in Nikko, Japan, in 2008 (NRRL B-50319; WO 2013/032693; Marrone Bio Innovations, Inc., USA), Coniothyrium minitans CON/M/91-08 isolated from oilseed rape (WO 1996/021358; DSM 9660; e. g. Contans® WG, Intercept® WG from Bayer CropScience AG, Germany), harpin (alpha-beta) protein (Science 257, 85-88, 1992; e. g. Messenger™ or HARP-N-Tek from Plant Health Care plc, U.K.), Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) (J. Invertebrate Pathol. 107, 112-126, 2011; e. g. Helicovex® from Adermatt Biocontrol, Switzerland; Diplomata® from Koppert, Brazil; Vivus® Max from AgBiTech Pty Ltd., Queensland, Australia), Helicoverpa zea single capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzSNPV) (e. g. Gemstar® from Certis LLC, USA), Helicoverpa zea nucleopolyhedrovirus ABA-NPV-U (e. g. Heligen® from AgBiTech Pty Ltd., Queensland, Australia), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (e. g. Nemasys® G from BASF Agricultural Specialities Limited, UK), Isara fumosorosea Apopka-97 isolated from mealy bug on gynura in Apopka, Fla., U.S.A. (ATCC 20874; Biocontrol Science Technol. 22(7), 747-761, 2012; e. g. PER-97™ or PreFeRal® from Certis LLC, USA), Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae F52 also called 275 or V275 isolated from codling moth in Austria (DSM 3884, ATCC 90448; e. g. Met52® Novozymes Biologicals BioAg Group, Canada), Metschnikowia fructicola 277 isolated from grapes in the central part of Israel (U.S. Pat. No. 6,994,849; NRRL Y-30752; e. g. formerly Shemer® from Agrogreen, Israel), Paecilomyces ilacinus 251 isolated from infected nematode eggs in the Philippines (AGAL 89/030550; WO1991/02051; Crop Protection 27, 352-361, 2008; e. g. BioAct®from Bayer CropScience AG, Germany and MeloCon® from Certis, USA), Pasteuria nishizawae Pn1 isolated from a soybean field in the mid-2000s in Illinois, U.S.A. (ATCC SD-5833; Federal Register 76(22), 5808, Feb. 2, 2011; e.g. Clariva™ PN from Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, USA), Penicillium bilaiae (also called P. bilaii) strains ATCC 18309 (=ATCC 74319), ATCC 20851 and/or ATCC 22348 (=ATCC 74318) originally isolated from soil in Alberta, Canada (Fertilizer Res. 39, 97-103, 1994; Can. J. Plant Sci. 78(1), 91-102, 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 5,026,417, WO 1995/017806; e. g. Jump Start®, Provide® from Novozymes Biologicals BioAg Group, Canada), Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (EP 0307510 B1; e. g. Regalia® SC from Marrone Biolnnovations, Davis, Calif., USA or Milsana® from BioFa AG, Germany), Steinemema carpocapsae (e. g. Millenium® from BASF Agricultural Specialities Limited, UK), S. feltiae (e. g. Nemashield® from BioWorks, Inc., USA; Nemasys® from BASF Agricultural Specialities Limited, UK), Streptomyces microflavus NRRL B-50550 (WO 2014/124369; Bayer CropScience, Germany), T. harzianum T-22 also called KRL-AG2 (ATCC 20847; BioControl 57, 687-696, 2012; e. g. Plantshield® from BioWorks Inc., USA or SabrEx™ from Advanced Biological Marketing Inc., Van Wert, Ohio, USA).

Preferred biopesticides on strain level are selected from the following groups L1) to L5):

-   -   L1) Microbial pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal,         viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: Aureobasidium         pullulans DSM 14940 and DSM 14941 (L1.1), Bacillus         amyloliquefaciens AP-188 (L.1.2), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp.         plantarum D747 (L.1.3), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum         FZB24 (L.1.4), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB42         (L.1.5), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum MBI600 (L.1.6), B.         amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum QST-713 (L.1.7), B.         amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum TJ1000 (L.1.8), B. pumilus GB34         (L.1.9), B. pumilus GHA 180 (L.1.10), B. pumilus INR-7         (L.1.11), B. pumilus KFP9F (L.1.12), B. pumilus QST 2808         (L.1.13), B. simplex ABU 288 (L.1.14), B. subtilis FB17         (L.1.15), Coniothyrium minitans CON/M/91-08 (L.1.16),         Metschnikowia fructicola NRRL Y-30752 (L.1.17), Paenibacillus         alvei NAS6G6 (L.1.18), Penicillium bilaiae ATCC 22348         (L.1.19), P. bilaiae ATCC 20851 (L.1.20), Penicillium bilaiae         ATCC 18309 (L.1.21), Streptomyces microflavus NRRL B-50550         (L.1.22), Trichoderma asperelloides JM41R (L.1.23), T. harzianum         T-22 (L.1.24);     -   L2) Biochemical pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal,         viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: harpin         protein (L.2.1), Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (L.2.2);     -   L3) Microbial pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal,         molluscidal and/or nematicidal activity: Bacillus firmus 1-1582         (L.3.1); B. thuringiensis ssp. aizawai ABTS-1857 (L.3.2), B. t.         ssp. kurstaki ABTS-351 (L.3.3), B. t. ssp. kurstaki SB4         (L.3.4), B. t. ssp. tenebrionis NB-176-1 (L.3.5), Beauveria         bassiana GHA (L.3.6), B. bassiana JW-1 (L.3.7), B. bassiana PPRI         5339 (L.3.8), Burkholderia sp. A396 (L.3.9), Helicoverpa         armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) (L.3.10), Helicoverpa         zea nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzNPV) ABA-NPV-U (L.3.11), Helicoverpa         zea single capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzSNPV) (L.3.12),         Heterohabditis bacteriophora (L.3.13), Isaria fumosorosea         Apopka-97 (L.3.14), Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae F52         (L.3.15), Paecilomyces lilacinus 251 (L.3.16), Pasteuria         nishizawae Pn1 (L.3.17), Steinernema carpocapsae (L.3.18), S.         feltiae (L.3.19);     -   L4) Biochemical pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal,         molluscidal, pheromone and/or nematicidal activity: cis-jasmone         (L.4.1), methyl jasmonate (L.4.2), Quillay extract (L.4.3);     -   L5) Microbial pesticides with plant stress reducing, plant         growth regulator, plant growth promoting and/or yield enhancing         activity

in particular from

-   -   L1) Microbial pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal,         viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: Aureobasidium         pullulans DSM 14940 and DSM 14941 (L1.1), Bacillus         amyloliquefaciens AP-188 (L.1.2), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp.         plantarum D747 (L.1.3), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum         FZB24 (L.1.4), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB42         (L.1.5), B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum MBI600 (L.1.6), B.         amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum QST-713 (L.1.7), B.         amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum TJ1000 (L.1.8), B. pumilus GB34         (L.1.9), B. pumilus GHA 180 (L.1.10), B. pumilus INR-7         (L.1.11), B. pumilus QST 2808 (L.1.13), B. simplex ABU 288         (L.1.14), B. subtilis FB17 (L.1.15), Coniothyrium minitans         CON/M/91-08 (L.1.16), Metschnikowia fructicola NRRL Y-30752         (L.1.17), Penicillium bilaiae ATCC 22348 (L.1.19), P. bilaiae         ATCC 20851 (L.1.20), Penicillium bilaiae ATCC 18309 (L.1.21),         Streptomyces microflavus NRRL B-50550 (L.1.22), T. harzianum         T-22 (L.1.24);     -   L2) Biochemical pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal,         viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: harpin         protein (L.2.1), Reynoutria sachalinensis extract (L.2.2);     -   L3) Microbial pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal,         molluscidal and/or nematicidal activity: Bacillus firmus 1-1582         (L.3.1); B. thuringiensis ssp. aizawai ABTS-1857 (L.3.2), B. t.         ssp. kurstaki ABTS-351 (L.3.3), B. t. ssp. tenebrionis NB-176-1         (L.3.5), Beauveria bassiana GHA (L.3.6), B. bassiana JW-1         (L.3.7), Burkholderia sp. A396 (L.3.9), Helicoverpa armigera         nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) (L.3.10), Helicoverpa zea         nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzNPV) ABA-NPV-U (L.3.11), Helicoverpa zea         single capsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzSNPV) (L.3.12),         Heterohabditis bacteriophora (L.3.13), Isaria fumosorosea         Apopka-97 (L.3.14), Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae F52         (L.3.15), Paecilomyces lilacinus 251 (L.3.16), Pasteuria         nishizawae Pn1 (L.3.17), Steinemema carpocapsae (L.3.18), S.         feltiae (L.3.19);     -   L4) Biochemical pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal,         molluscidal, pheromone and/or nematicidal activity: cis-jasmone         (L.4.1), methyl jasmonate (L.4.2), Quillay extract (L.4.3).

Preference is also given to mixtures comprising as pesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from the groups L1), L3) and L5), preferably selected from strains denoted above as (L.1.2), (L.1.3), (L.1.4), (L.1.5), (L.1.6), (L.1.7), (L.1.8), (L.1.10), (L.1.11), (L.1.12), (L.1.13), (L.1.14), (L.1.15), (L.1.17), (L.1.18), (L.1.19), (L.1.20), (L.1.21), (L.3.1); (L.3.9), (L.3.16), (L.3.17), (L.5.1), (L.5.2), (L.5.3), (L.5.4), (L.5.5), (L.5.6), (L.5.7), (L.5.8); (L.4.2), and (L.4.1); even more preferably selected from (L.1.2), (L.1.6), (L.1.7), (L.1.8), (L.1.11), (L.1.12), (L.1.13), (L.1.14), (L.1.15), (L.1.18), (L.1.19), (L.1.20), (L.1.21), (L.3.1); (L.3.9), (L.3.16), (L.3.17), (L.5.1), (L.5.2), (L.5.5), (L.5.6), (L.4.2), and (L.4.1). Preference is also fiven to mixtures comprising as pesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from strains (L.1.2), (L.1.3), (L.1.4), (L.1.5), (L.1.6), (L.1.7), (L.1.8), (L.1.10), (L.1.11), (L.1.13), (L.1.14), (L.1.15), (L.1.17), (L.1.19), (L.1.20), (L.1.21), (L.3.1); (L.3.9), (L.3.16), (L.3.17), (L.4.2), and (L.4.1); even more preferably selected from (L.1.2), (L.1.6), (L.1.7), (L.1.8), (L.1.11), (L.1.13), (L.1.14), (L.1.15), (L.1.19), (L.1.20), (L.1.21), (L.3.1); (L.3.9), (L.3.16), (L.3.17), (L.4.2), and (L.4.1). These mixtures are particularly suitable for treatment of propagation materials, i. e. seed treatment purposes and likewise for soil treatment. These seed treatment mixtures are particularly suitable for crops such as cereals, corn and leguminous plants such as soybean.

Preference is also given to mixtures comprising as pesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from the groups L1), L3) and L5), preferably selected from strains denoted above as (L1.1), (L.1.2), (L.1.3), (L.1.6), (L.1.7), (L.1.9), (L.1.11), (L.1.12), (L.1.13), (L.1.14), (L.1.15), (L.1.17), (L.1.18), (L.1.22), (L.1.23), (L.1.24), (L.2.2); (L.3.2), (L.3.3), (L.3.4), (L.3.5), (L.3.6), (L.3.7), (L.3.8), (L.3.10), (L.3.11), (L.3.12), (L.3.13), (L.3.14), (L.3.15), (L.3.18), (L.3.19); (L.4.2), even more preferably selected from (L.1.2), (L.1.7), (L.1.11), (L.1.13), (L.1.14), (L.1.15), (L.1.18), (L.1.23), (L.3.3), (L.3.4), (L.3.6), (L.3.7), (L.3.8), (L.3.10), (L.3.11), (L.3.12), (L.3.15), and (L.4.2). Preference is also fiven to mixtures comprising as pesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from strains (L1.1), (L.1.2), (L.1.3), (L.1.6), (L.1.7), (L.1.9), (L.1.11), (L.1.13), (L.1.14), (L.1.15), (L.1.17), (L.1.22), (L.1.24), (L.2.2); (L.3.2), (L.3.3), (L.3.5), (L.3.6), (L.3.7), (L.3.10), (L.3.11), (L.3.12), (L.3.13), (L.3.14), (L.3.15), (L.3.18), (L.3.19); (L.4.2), even more preferably selected from (L.1.2), (L.1.7), (L.1.11), (L.1.13), (L.1.14), (L.1.15), (L.3.3), (L.3.6), (L.3.7), (L.3.10), (L.3.11), (L.3.12), (L.3.15), and (L.4.2).These mixtures are particularly suitable for foliar treatment. These mixtures for foliar treatment are particularly suitable for vegetables, fruits, vines, cereals, corn, leguminous crops such as soybeans.

For biopesticides II selected from groups L1, L3, and L5, the mixtures of the invention embrace not only the isolated, pure cultures of the respective microorganisms as defined herein, but also its cell-free extract having pesticidal activity, preferably a ketone-based extract, its suspensions in a whole broth culture or as a metabolite-containing supernatant or a purified metabolite obtained from a whole broth culture of the microorganism or microorganism strain.

“Whole broth culture” refers to a liquid culture containing both cells and media.

“Supernatant” or “culture medium” refers to the liquid broth remaining when cells grown in broth are removed by centrifugation, filtration, sedimentation, or other means well known in the art.

The term “metabolite” refers to any compound, substance or byproduct (including but not limited to small molecule secondary metabolites, polyketides, fatty acid synthase products, non-ribosomal peptides, ribosomal peptides, proteins and enzymes) produced by a microorganism (such as fungi and bacteria) that has pesticidal activity or improves plant growth, water use efficiency of the plant, plant health, plant appearance, or the population of beneficial microorganisms in the soil around the plant activity.

The term “mutant” refers to a microorganism, obtained by direct mutant selection but also includes microorganisms that have been further mutagenized or otherwise manipulated (e. g., via the introduction of a plasmid). Accordingly, embodiments include mutants, variants, and or derivatives of the respective microorganism, both naturally occurring and artificially induced mutants. For example, mutants may be induced by subjecting the microorganism to known mutagens, such as N-methyl-nitrosoguanidine, using conventional methods. Preferably such mutants retain the pesticidal activity of the respective microorganism.

Preferences

In addition to the above defined compound selected from compound i) of formula I, compound ii) of formula Ia or mixtures comprising i) and ii), preferably compound i) of formula I, the pesticidal mixtures of the invention comprise a component 2), which is a biopesticide II, which is selected from the groups L1 to L5 as defined above. Preferred biopesticides II are defined hereinafter.

The preferred embodiments regarding biopesticides II, which may be selected as component 2) of the mixtures of the invention, are to be understood as preferred on their own as well as preferably in combination with the preferred embodiments of the compounds of formula I, i.e. component 1) of the mixture of the invention, and, where applicable, as well as concerning the uses and methods according to the invention and the compositions according to the invention.

Preference is given to mixtures comprising as biopesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from group L1, preferably selected from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens herein even more preferably from strains AP-136, AP-188, AP-218, AP-219, AP-295, IN937a, IT-45; B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum (formerly called B. subtilis or B. subtilis spp. amyloliquefaciens) herein even more preferably from strains MBI600, D747, FZB24, FZB42, GB03, QST-713 and TJ1000; B. mojavensis AP-209; B. pumilus herein even more preferably from strains GHA 180, INR-7, KFP9F and QST 2808; B. simplex herein more preferably strain ABU 288; B. solisalsi herein more preferably strain AP-217; B. subtilis herein even more preferably selected from strains CX-9060, FB17 and GB07; Muscodor albus herein more preferably strains QST 20799 and SA-13; Paenibacillus alvei herein more preferably strain NAS6G6, Paenibacillus polymyxa herein more preferably strain PKB1, Penicillium bilaiae herein more preferably strains ATCC 22348, ATCC 20581 and ATCC 18309; Pseudomonas fluorescens herein more preferably strain A506; Sphaerodes mycoparasitica herein more preferably strain SMCD2220; Trichoderma fertile herein more preferably strain JM41R; Trichoderma harzianum herein more preferably strain T-22; Trichoderma virens herein more preferably strains GI-3 and G-41.

Preference is also given to mixtures comprising as biopesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from group L1, even more preferably selected from B. amyloliquefaciens AP-188, B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum MBI600, B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum QST-713, B. pumilus INR-7, B. pumilus QST 2808, B. simplex ABU 288, B. subtilis FB17, Paenibacillus alvei NAS6G6 and Trichoderma fertile JM41R.

According to one embodiment of the inventive mixtures, the at least one biopesticide II is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum MBI600. These mixtures are particularly suitable in soybean.

According to another embodiment of the inventive mixtures, the at least one biopesticide II is B. pumilus INR-7. These mixtures are particularly suitable in soybean and corn.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Bacillus simplex, preferably B. simplex ABU 288. These mixtures are particularly suitable in soybean and corn.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Bacillus subtilis, preferably B. subtilis strain FB17.

According to one embodiment of the inventive mixtures, the at least one biopesticide II is selected from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP-136, B. amyloliquefaciens AP-188, B. amyloliquefaciens AP-218, B. amyloliquefaciens AP-219, B. amyloliquefaciens AP-295, B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum FZB24, B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB42, B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum TJ1000, B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum D747, B. amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum MBI600, B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum GB03, B. amyloliquefaciens spp. plantarum QST-713, B. mojavensis AP-209, B. pumilus GB34, B. pumilus INR-7, B. pumilus KFP9F, B. pumilus QST 2808, B. pumilus GHA 180, B. simplex ABU 288, B. solisalsi AP-217, B. subtilis CX-9060, B. subtilis FB17 and B. subtilis GB07. These mixtures are particularly suitable in soybean and corn, in particular for seed treatment.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one pesticide II is selected from Streptomyces spp., preferably from S. griseoviridis, S. lydicus and S. violaceusniger, in particular from strains S. griseoviridis K61, S. lydicus WYEC 108, S. violaceusnigerXL-2 and S. violaceusnigerYCED-9.

According to one embodiment of the inventive mixtures, the at least one biopesticide II is selected from the following fungi Coniothyrium minitans CON/M/91-08, Trichoderma fertile JM41R, T. harzianum T-22, T. virens G1-3, T. virens GL-21, T. virens G-41. These mixtures are particularly suitable for seed and/or soil treatment.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is selected from Pseudomonas spp., preferably selected from P. chloraphis herein more preferably strain MA 342 and Pseudomonas sp. DSM 13134; P. fluorescens herein more preferably selected from strains A506, WCS 374 and Pf-5; and P. putida herein more preferably strain ATCC 202153.

The present invention also relates to mixtures wherein the at least one biopesticide II is selected from the fungal genus Trichoderma, preferably from the strains T. asperellum T34, T. asperellum SKT-1, T. asperellum ICC 012, T. asperellum TV1, T. atroviride LC52, T. atroviride CNCM 1-1237, T. fertile JM41R, T. gamsii ICC 080, T. harmatum TH 382, T. harzianum T-22, T. harzianum T-35, T. harzianum T-39, T. harzianum T-315; mixture of T. harzianum ICC012 and T. gamsii ICC080; mixture of T. polysporum and T. harzianum; T. stromaticum, T. virens GI-3, T. virens GL-21, T. virens G-41 and; in particular T. fertile JM41R.

The present invention also relates to mixtures wherein the at least one biopesticide II is selected from the fungal species Muscodor albus preferably from the strains SA-13 and QST 20799, which are particularly suitable for soil and seed treatment against soil-borne pathogens and/or nematodes.

Preference is given to mixtures comprising as biopesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from group L3), preferably selected from Bacillus firmus herein preferably strain 1-1582, Beauveria bassiana herein preferably selected from strains GHA, H123, DSM 12256 and PPRI 5339; Burkholderia sp. and herein preferably strain A396, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum herein preferably strain IMI 330189, M. anisopliae herein preferably selected from strains FI-985, FI-1045, F52 and ICIPE 69; Paecilomyces lilacinus herein preferably selected from strains 251, DSM 15169 and BCP2, Paenibacillus popilliae herein preferably selected from strains Dutky-1940, KLN 3 and Dutky 1; Pasteuria nishazawa and herein preferably strain Pn1.

Preference is also given to mixtures comprising as biopesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from group L3), even more preferably from B. bassiana DSM 12256, B. bassiana PPRI 5339, Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum IMI 330189, M. anisopliae F1-985, M. anisopliae Fl-1045, Paecilomyces lilacinus DSM 15169, P. lilacinus BCP2, P. lilacinus 251, Paenibacillus popilliae Dutky-1940, P. popilliae KLN 3 and P. popilliae Dutky 1.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Beauveria brongniartii.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Metarhizium anisopliae or M. anisopliae var. acridium, preferably selected from M. anisopliae FI-1045, M. anisopliae F52, M. anisopliae var. acridum strains FI-985 and IMI 330189; in particular strain IMI 330189. These mixtures are particularly suitable for control of arthropod pests in soybean and corn.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, preferably strain FE 9901 especially for white fly control.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is selected from Nomuraea rileyi, preferably strains SA86101, GU87401, SR86151, CG128 and VA9101; and P. lilacinus, preferably strains 251, DSM 15169 or BCP2, in particular BCP2, which strains especially control the growth of plant-pathogenic nematodes.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Bacillus firmus, preferably spores of strain CNCM 1-1582, preferably useful for seed treatment of cereals, soybean, cotton, sugarbeets and corn against nematodes and insects.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Pasteuria nishizawae, preferably spores of strain Pn1, preferably useful for seed treatment of cereals, soybean, cotton, sugarbeets and corn against nematodes and insects.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Flavobacterium sp., preferably spores of strain H492, preferably useful for seed treatment of cereals, soybean, cotton, sugarbeets and corn against nematodes and insects. According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Bacillus cereus, preferably spores of CNCM 1-1562, preferably useful for seed treatment of soybean, cotton, cereals, and corn against nematodes and insects.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Burkholderia sp., preferably strain A396, preferably useful for seed treatment of soybean, cotton, cereals, and corn.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is Paecilomyces lilacinus 251, preferably useful for seed treatment of soybean, cotton, cereals, and corn.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one biopesticide II is a mixture of spores of B. firmus and B. cereus, preferably mixtures spores of above mentioned strains CNCM 1-1582 and CNCM 1-1562, preferably useful for seed treatment of soybean, cotton, cereals, and corn against nematodes and insects.

According to one preferred embodiment of the inventive mixtures, the at least one pesticide II is selected from Bacillus firmus CNCM 1-1582, Paecilomyces lilacinus 251, Pasteuria nishizawa Pn1 and Burkholderia sp. A396 having nematicidal, acaricidal and/or insecticidal activity. These mixtures are particularly suitable in soybean, cotton, cereals, and corn, in particular for seed treatment.

Preference is also given to mixtures comprising as biopesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from group L4), preferably methyl jasmonate.

Preference is also given to mixtures comprising as biopesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from group L5), preferably selected from A. lipoferum, A. irakense, A. halopraeferens, Paenibacillus alvei, Penicillium bilaiae, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, R. l. bv. trifolii, R. l. bv. viciae, and Sinorhizobium meliloti.

Preference is also given to mixtures comprising as biopesticide II (component 2) a biopesticide selected from group L5) selected from B. japonicum TA-11, Paenibacillus alvei NAS6G6, Peniciillium bilaiae strains ATCC 18309, ATCC 20851 and ATCC 22348; Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli RG-B10, R. l. bv. viciae P1NP3Cst, R. l. bv. viciae R^(G)-P2, R. l. bv. trifolii RP113-7, R. l. bv. viciae SU303, R. l. bv. viciae WSM1455, and Sinorhizobium meliloti;

The present invention also relates to mixtures, wherein the at least one biopesticide II is selected from A. lipoferum, A. irakense and A. halopraeferens, These mixtures are particularly suitable in soybean, especially as seed treatment.

In one embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from Azospirillum lipoferum, Azospirillum irakense, Azospirillum halopraeferens, Bradyrhizobium spp., Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis), Bradyrhizobium sp. (Vigna), Bradyrhizobium liaoningense, Bradyrhizobium lupini, Delftia acidovorans, Glomus intraradices, Mesorhizobium sp., Mesorhizobium ciceri, Mesorhizobium huakii, Mesorhizobium loti, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae, Sinorhizobium meliloti, Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mojavensis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus simplex, Bacillus solisalsi, Bacillus subtilis, Burkholderia sp., Coniothyrium minitans, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Paenibacillus alvei, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Paenibacillus popilliae, Pasteuria nishizawae, Pasteuria usgae, Penicillium bilaiae, Pseudomonas chloraphis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas putida, abscisic acid, harpin protein (alpha-beta), jasmonic acid or salts or derivatives thereof, cis-jasmone, methyl jasmonate.

In a preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis) CB1015, Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis) SEMIA 6144, Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis) SEMIA 6462, Bradyrhizobium sp. (Arachis) SEMIA 6464, Bradyrhizobium sp. (Vigna) PNL1, Mesorhizobium sp. WSM1497, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli RG-B10, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii 095, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii CB782, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii CC1099, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii CC275e, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii CC283b, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii RP113-7, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii TA1, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii WSM1325, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii WSM2304, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae P1NP3Cst also referred to as 1435, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae RG-P2 also called P2, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae SU303, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae WSM1455, Sinorhizobium meliloti NRG185, Sinorhizobium meliloti RCR2011 also called 2011 or SU47, Sinorhizobium meliloti, RRI128, Bacillus altitudinis 41KF2b, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP-136, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP-188, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP-218, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP-219, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP-295, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum D747, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB24 also called SB3651, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum FZB42, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum GB03 also called GBO3 formerly B. subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum MBI600 also referred to as 1430, formerly B. subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum QST-713, formerly B. subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ssp. plantarum TJ1000, also called 1BE, Bacillus firmus CNCM 1-1582, Bacillus megaterium H491, Bacillus megaterium J142, Bacillus megaterium M018, Bacillus mojavensis AP-209, Bacillus mojavensis SR11, Bacillus mycoides AQ726, Bacillus mycoides J also called BmJ, Bacillus pumilus GB34, Bacillus pumilus GHA 180, Bacillus pumilus INR-7 otherwise referred to as BU F22 and BU-F33, Bacillus pumilus KFP9F, Bacillus pumilus QST 2808, Bacillus simplex ABU 288, Bacillus subtilis CX-9060, Bacillus subtilis FB17, Bacillus subtilis GB07, Burkholderia sp. A396, Coniothyrium minitans CON/M/91-08, Paecilomyces lilacinus 251, Paecilomyces lilacinus BCP2, Paenibacillus alvei NAS6G6, Paenibacillus polymyxa PKB1, Paenibacillus popilliae14F-D80 also called K14F-0080, Paenibacillus popilliae KLN 3, Pasteuria nishizawae Pn1, Pasteuria sp. Ph3, Pasteuria sp. Pr3, Pasteuria sp. ATCC PTA-9643, Pasteuria usage BL1, Penicillium bilaiae (also called P. bilaii) NRRL 50162, Penicillium bilaiae (also called P. bilaii) NRRL 50169, Penicillium bilaiae (also called P. bilaii) ATCC 18309 (=ATCC 74319), Penicillium bilaiae (also called P. bilaii) ATCC 20851, Penicillium bilaiae (also called P. bilaii) ATCC 22348 (=ATCC 74318), Pseudomonas fluorescens A506, Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 13525, Pseudomonas fluorescens CHAO, Pseudomonas fluorescens CL 145A, Pseudomonas fluorescens NCIB 12089, Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5, Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS374, Pseudomonas putida ATCC 202153.

In one embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from

-   -   L1) Microbial pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal,         viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: Ampelomyces         quisqualis, Aspergillus flavus, Aureobasidium pullulans,         Bacillus altitudinis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. megaterium, B.         mojavensis, B. mycoides, B. pumilus, B. simplex, B.         solisalsi, B. subtilis, B. subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens,         Candida oleophila, C. saitoana, Clavibacter michiganensis         (bacteriophages), Coniothyrium minitans, Cryphonectria         parasitica, Cryptococcus albidus, Dilophosphora alopecuri,         Fusarium oxysporum, Clonostachys rosea F. catenulate (also named         Gliocladium catenulatum), Gliocladium roseum, Lysobacter         antibioticus, L. enzymogenes, Metschnikowia fructicola,         Microdochium dimerum, Microsphaeropsis ochracea, Muscodor albus,         Paenibacillus alvei, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Pantoea vagans,         Penicillium bilaiae, P.steckii, Phlebiopsis gigantea,         Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas chloraphis, Pseudozyma flocculosa,         Pichia anomala, Pythium oligandrum, Sphaerodes mycoparasitica,         Streptomyces griseoviridis, S. lydicus, S. violaceusniger,         Talaromyces flavus, Trichoderma asperelloides, T. asperellum, T.         atroviride, T. fertile, T. gamsii, T. harmatum, T. harzianum, T.         polysporum, T. stromaticum, T. virens, T. viride, Typhula         phacorrhiza, Ulocladium oudemansii, Verticillium dahlia;     -   L2) Biochemical pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal,         viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: harpin         protein, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract;     -   L3) Microbial pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal,         molluscidal and/or nematicidal activity: Agrobacterium         radiobacter, Bacillus cereus, B. firmus, Burkholderia sp.,         Chromobacterium subtsugae, Flavobacterium sp., Paecilomyces         fumosoroseus, P. lilacinus, Paenibacillus popilliae, Pasteuria         sp., P. nishizawae, P. penetrans, P. ramosa, P. thornea, P.         usgae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Streptomyces galbus, S.         microflavus;     -   L4) Biochemical pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal,         molluscidal, pheromone and/or nematicidal activity: cis-jasmone,         methyl jasmonate, jasmonic acid or salts or derivatives thereof;     -   L5) Microbial pesticides with plant stress reducing, plant         growth regulator, plant growth promoting and/or yield enhancing         activity: A. lipoferum, A. irakense, A. halopraeferens,         Bradyrhizobium sp., B. liaoningense, B. lupini, Delftia         acidovorans, Glomus intraradices, Mesorhizobium sp., Rhizobium         leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, R. l. bv. trifolii, R. l. bv.         viciae, Sinorhizobium meliloti.

In a preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from the group L1, i.e. microbial pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal, viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: Ampelomyces quisqualis, Aspergillus flavus, Aureobasidium pullulans, Bacillus altitudinis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. megaterium, B. mojavensis, B. mycoides, B. pumilus, B. simplex, B. solisalsi, B. subtilis, B. subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens, Candida oleophila, C. saitoana, Clavibacter michiganensis (bacteriophages), Coniothyrium minitans, Clyphonectria parasitica, Cryptococcus albidus, Dilophosphora alopecuri, Fusarium oxysporum, Clonostachys rosea F. catenulate (also named Gliocladium catenulatum), Gliocladium roseum, Lysobacter antibioticus, L. enzymogenes, Metschnikowia fructicola, Microdochium dimerum, Microsphaeropsis ochracea, Muscodor albus, Paenibacillus alvei, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Pantoea vagans, Penicillium bilaiae, P.steckii, Phlebiopsis gigantea, Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas chloraphis, Pseudozyma flocculosa, Pichia anomala, Pythium oligandrum, Sphaerodes mycoparasitica, Streptomyces griseoviridis, S. lydicus, S. violaceusniger, Talaromyces flavus, Trichoderma asperelloides, T. asperellum, T. atroviride, T. fertile, T. gamsii, T. harmatum, T. harzianum, T. polysporum, T. stromaticum, T. virens, T. viride, Typhula phacorrhiza, Ulocladium oudemansii, Verticillium dahlia.

In a more preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus simplex, and Bacillus subtilis, in particular from the strains Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600, B. amyloliquefaciens AP-188, Bacillus pumilus INR-7 (otherwise referred to as BU-F22 and BU-F33), Bacillus simplex ABU 288, and Bacillus subtilis FB17 (also called UD 1022 or UD10-22).

According to one particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Bacillus pumilus, preferably spores of strain INR-7.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Bacillus simplex, preferably spores of strain ABU 288.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Bacillus subtilis, preferably spores of strain FB17.

In a further preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixture of the invention is Penicillium steckii, preferably Penicillium steckii strain IBWF104-06 as deposited with DSMZ under the deposit number DSM 27859. Strain IBWF104-06 was determined to have potent antifungal activity, in particular, against infestion with plant pathogens including Phytophthora infestans, Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria solani (PCT/EP2014/074165).

In another preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from the group L2, i.e. biochemical pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal, viricidal and/or plant defense activator activity: harpin protein, Reynoutria sachalinensis extract.

According to one particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixture of the invention is harpin protein (alpha-beta).

In another preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from the group L4, i.e. biochemical pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscidal, pheromone and/or nematicidal activity: cis-jasmone, methyl jasmonate, jasmonic acid or salts or derivatives thereof.

According to one particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is cis-jasmone.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixture of the invention is methyl jasmonate.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixture of the invention is jasmonic acid or a salt or derivative thereof.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from the group L3, i.e. microbial pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscidal and/or nematicidal activity: Agrobacterium radiobacter, Bacillus cereus, B. firmus, Burkholderia sp., Chromobacterium subtsugae, Flavobacterium sp., Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, P. lilacinus, Paenibacillus popilliae, Pasteuria sp., P. nishizawae, P. penetrans, P. ramosa, P. thornea, P. usgae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Streptomyces galbus, S. microflavus.

In a more preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from Bacillus firmus, Pasteuria nishazawa sp., Flavobacterium sp., Paecilomyces lilacinus, and Burkholderia sp, in particular from the strains Burkholderia sp. A396, Paecilomyces lilacinus 251, Bacillus firmus CNCM 1-1582, Pasteuria nishizawae Pn1, and Flavobacterium sp. H492.

In an even more preferred embodiment, component 2), i.e. the biopesticide II, of the mixtures of the invention is selected from Bacillus firmus, Pasteuria nishizawa, and Flavobacterium sp., in particular from the strains Bacillus firmus CNCM 1-1582, Pasteuria nishizawae Pn1, and Flavobacterium sp. H492.

According to one particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Bacillus cereus, preferably spores of strain CNCM 1-1562.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Burkholderia sp., preferably strain A396.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Paecilomyces lilacinus, preferably strain 251, DSM 15169 or BCP2, particularly preferably strain 251.

With regard to one embodiment of the present invention, which is the use of mixtures according to the present invention for the control of nematodes, the compound I is preferably combined with biopesticides 11 having a nematicidal activity.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Bacillus firmus, preferably spores of strain CNCM 1-1582; e.g. VOTiVO® from Bayer CropScience LP, USA, which is suitable for nematode control.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Pasteuria nishizawae, preferably spores of strain Pn1, e.g. Clariva® PN from Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, USA, which is suitable for nematode control.

According to yet another particularly preferred embodiment, the biopesticide II of the mixtures of the invention is Flavobacterium sp., preferably spores of strain H492, e.g. MBI-302 from Marrone Bio Innovations, USA, which is suitable for nematode control.

In summary, particularly preferred biopesticides II may be selected from the following biopesticides II-1 to II-14 in accordance with each row of table II, of which biopesticides II-12, II-13, and II-14 are particularly preferred.

TABLE II No biopesticide II-1 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens II-2 Bacillus pumilus II-3 Bacillus simplex II-4 Bacillus subtilis II-5 Penicillium steckii II-6 harpin protein (alpha-beta) II-7 cis-jasmone II-8 methyl jasmonate II-9 jasmonic acid or a salt or derivative thereof II-10 Burkholderia sp. II-11 Paecilomyces lilacinus II-12 Bacillus firmus II-13 Pasteuria nishizawae II-14 Flavobacterium sp.

Furthermore, particularly preferred strains of biopesticides II may be selected from the following biopesticide strains IIa-1 to IIa-11 in accordance with each row of table IIa, of which the biopesticide strains IIa-9, IIa-10, and IIa-11 are particularly preferred.

TABLE IIa No biopesticide IIa-1 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MBI600 IIa-2 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AP-188 IIa-3 Bacillus pumilus INR-7 IIa-4 Bacillus simplex ABU 288 IIa-5 Bacillus subtilis FB17 IIa-6 Penicillium steckii IBWF104-06 IIa-7 Burkholderia sp. A396 IIa-8 Paecilomyces lilacinus 251 IIa-9 Bacillus firmus CNCM 1-1582 IIa-10 Pasteuria nishizawae Pn1 IIa-11 Flavobacterium sp. H492

Particular embodiments of the present invention

In the context of the present invention, the following mixtures of compounds I, preferably compound i of formula I, and biopesticides II as in Table A are preferred and represent embodiments of the invention:

TABLE A No. Compound I Compound II A-1  I II-1  A-2  I II-2  A-3  I II-3  A-4  I II-4  A-5  I II-5  A-6  I II-6  A-7  I II-7  A-8  I II-8  A-9  I II-9  A-10 I II-10 A-11 I II-11 A-12 I II-12 A-13 I II-13 A-14 I II-14

The mixtures A-1 to A-14 as presented in table A represents binary mixtures according to the present invention.

Furthermore, the following mixtures of compound I, preferably compound i of formula I, and biopesticide strains IIa, as in Table B are preferred and represent embodiments of the invention:

TABLE B No. Compound I Compound II B-1  I IIa-1  B-2  I IIa-2  B-3  I IIa-3  B-4  I IIa-4  B-5  I IIa-5  B-6  I IIa-6  B-7  I IIa-7  B-8  I IIa-8  B-9  I IIa-9  B-10 I IIa-10 B-11 I IIa-11

The mixtures B-1 to B-11 as presented in table B represents binary mixtures according to the present invention.

According to the invention, the solid material (dry matter) of the biopesticides (with the exception of oils such as Neem oil) are considered as active components (e. g. to be obtained after drying or evaporation of the extraction or suspension medium in case of liquid formulations of the microbial pesticides).

In accordance with the present invention, the weight ratios and percentages used herein for a biological extract such as Quillay extract are based on the total weight of the dry content (solid material) of the respective extract(s).

The total weight ratios of compositions comprising at least one microbial pesticide in the form of viable microbial cells including dormant forms, can be determined using the amount of CFU of the respective microorganism to calculate the total weight of the respective active component with the following equation that 1×10¹⁰ CFU equals one gram of total weight of the respective active component. Colony forming unit is measure of viable microbial cells, in particular fungal and bacterial cells. In addition, here “CFU” may also be understood as the number of (juvenile) individual nematodes in case of (entomopathogenic) nematode biopesticides, such as Steinernema feltiae.

As already indicated above, component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and component 2) of the mixtures of the invention are present in synergistically effective amounts.

In one embodiment, component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and component 2) of the mixtures of the invention are present in a total weight ratio of from 100:1 to 1:100, wherein the total weight of component 2) is based on the amount of the solid material (dry mater) of component 2).

In the binary mixtures and compositions according to the invention the weight ratio of the component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and the component 2) generally depends from the properties of the active components used, usually it is in the range of from 1:10,000 to 10,000:1, often it is in the range of from 1:100 to 100:1, regularly in the range of from 1:50 to 50:1, preferably in the range of from 1:20 to 20:1, more preferably in the range of from 1:10 to 10:1, even more preferably in the range of from 1:4 to 4:1 and in particular in the range of from 1:2 to 2:1.

According to further embodiments of the binary mixtures and compositions, the weight ratio of the component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and the component 2) usually is in the range of from 1000:1 to 1:1, often in the range of from 100: 1 to 1:1, regularly in the range of from 50:1 to 1:1, preferably in the range of from 20:1 to 1:1, more preferably in the range of from 10:1 to 1:1, even more preferably in the range of from 4:1 to 1:1 and in particular in the range of from 2:1 to 1:1.

According to further embodiments of the mixtures and compositions, the weight ratio of the component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and the component 2) usually is in the range of from 20,000:1 to 1:10, often in the range of from 10,000:1 to 1:1, regularly in the range of from 5,000:1 to 5:1, preferably in the range of from 5,000:1 to 10:1, more preferably in the range of from 2,000:1 to 30:1, even more preferably in the range of from 2,000:1 to 100:1 and in particular in the range of from 1,000:1 to 100:1.

According to a further embodiments of the binary mixtures and compositions, the weight ratio of the component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and the component 2) usually is in the range of from 1:1 to 1:1000, often in the range of from 1:1 to 1:100, regularly in the range of from 1:1 to 1:50, preferably in the range of from 1:1 to 1:20, more preferably in the range of from 1:1 to 1:10, even more preferably in the range of from 1:1 to 1:4 and in particular in the range of from 1:1 to 1:2.

According to further embodiments of the mixtures and compositions, the weight ratio of the component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and the component 2) usually is in the range of from 10:1 to 1:20,000, often in the range of from 1:1 to 1:10,000, regularly in the range of from 1:5 to 1:5,000, preferably in the range of from 1:10 to 1:5,000, more preferably in the range of from 1:30 to 1:2,000, even more preferably in the range of from 1:100 to 1:2,000 to and in particular in the range of from 1:100 to 1:1,000.

In the ternary mixtures, i.e. compositions according to the invention comprising the component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and component 2) and a compound III (component 3), the weight ratio of component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and component 2) depends from the properties of the active substances used, usually it is in the range of from 1:100 to 100:1, regularly in the range of from 1:50 to 50:1, preferably in the range of from 1:20 to 20:1, more preferably in the range of from 1:10 to 10:1 and in particular in the range of from 1:4 to 4:1, and the weight ratio of component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and component 3) usually it is in the range of from 1:100 to 100:1, regularly in the range of from 1:50 to 50:1, preferably in the range of from 1:20 to 20:1, more preferably in the range of from 1:10 to 10:1 and in particular in the range of from 1:4 to 4:1.

Any further active components are, if desired, added in a ratio of from 20:1 to 1:20 to the component 1), preferably compound i of formula I.

These ratios are also suitable for inventive mixtures applied by seed treatment.

When mixtures comprising microbial pesticides are employed in crop protection, the application rates preferably range from about 1×10⁶ to 5×10¹⁵ (or more) CFU/ha, preferably from about 1×10⁸ to about 1×10¹³ CFU/ha, and even more preferably from about 1×10⁹ to about 1×10¹² CFU/ha. In the case of (entomopathogenic) nematodes as microbial pesticides (e. g. Steinernema feltiae), the application rates preferably range inform about 1×10⁸ to 1×10¹² (or more), more preferably from 1×10⁸ to 1×10¹¹, even more preferably from 5×10⁸ to 1×10¹⁰ individuals (e. g. in the form of eggs, juvenile or any other live stages, preferably in an infetive juvenile stage) per ha.

When mixtures comprising microbial pesticides are employed in seed treatment, the application rates with respect to plant propagation material preferably range from about 1×10⁶ to 1×10¹² (or more) CFU/seed. Preferably, the concentration is about 1×10⁶ to about 1×10⁹ CFU/seed. In the case of the microbial pesticides II, the application rates with respect to plant propagation material also preferably range from about 1×10⁷ to 1×10¹⁴ (or more) CFU per 100 kg of seed, preferably from 1×10⁹ to about 1×10¹² CFU per 100 kg of seed.

Further embodiments of the present invention

Binary mixtures have been described above as one embodiment of the present invention.

Ternary or higher mixtures represent another embodiment of the present invention.

In one embodiment, the mixtures of the invention, in particular the mixtures A-1 to A-14 or B-1 to B-11, further comprise as active component 3) a further active compound III, which is selected from insecticides or fungicides.

The insecticides, which are hereinafter described by common names, are commercially available and may be found in The Pesticide Manual, 16th Edition, C. MacBean, British Crop Protection Council (2013) among other publications. The online Pesticide Manual is updated regularly and is accessible through bcpcdata.com/pesticide-manual.html. Another online data base for pesticides providing the ISO common names is www.alanwood.net/pesticides.

The fungicides, which are hereinafter described by common names, are commercially available and may be found in the database www.alanwood.net/pesticides.

In one embodiment, the mixtures of the invention further comprise as active component 3) a further active compound III, which is an insecticide, wherein said insecticide is selected from the group consisting of fipronil, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, sulfoxaflor, methiocarb, tefluthrin, bifenthrin, cypermethrin, alphacypermethrin, spinosad, cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, triflumezopyrim, flupyradifurone, abamectin, thiodicarb, tetraniliprole and tioxazafen.

In another embodiment, the mixtures of the invention further comprise as active component 3) a further active compound III, which is a fungicide, wherein said fungicide is selected from the group consisting of azoxstrobin, trifloxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, sedaxane, penthiopyrad, penflufen, fluopyram, fluxapyroxad, boscalid, oxathiapiprolin, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, ethaboxam, dimethomorph, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, prothioconazole, flutriafol, thiabendazole, ipconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol, prochloraz, fluquinconazole, triticonazole, fludioxonil, carboxin, silthiofarm, ziram, thiram, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, fenamidone, hymexazol and fluazinam.

If the active compound III is an insecticide, said insecticide is preferably selected from the insecticides as defined in the following table IIIa. The insecticides as listed in table IIIa are in the following referred to as insecticides IIIa-1 to IIIa-22.

TABLE IIIa No insecticide IIIa-1 fipronil IIIa-2 clothianidin IIIa-3 thiamethoxam IIIa-4 acetamiprid IIIa-5 dinotefuran IIIa-6 imidacloprid IIIa-7 thiacloprid IIIa-8 sulfoxaflor IIIa-9 methiocarb IIIa-10 tefluthrin IIIa-11 bifenthrin IIIa-12 cypermethrin IIIa-13 alphacypermethrin IIIa-14 spinosad IIIa-15 cyantraniliprole IIIa-16 chlorantraniliprole IIIa-17 triflumezopyrim IIIa-18 flupyradifurone IIIa-19 abamectin IIIa-20 thiodicarb IIIa-21 tetraniliprole IIIa-22 tioxazafen

If the active compound III is a fungicide, said fungicide is preferably selected from the fungicides as defined in the following table IIIb. The fungicides as listed in table IIIb are in the following referred to as fungicides IIIb-1 to IIIb-36.

TABLE IIIb No fungicide IIIb-1 azoxstrobin IIIb-2 trifloxystrobin IIIb-3 picoxystrobin IIIb-4 pyraclostrobin IIIb-5 sedaxane IIIb-6 penthiopyrad IIIb-7 penflufen IIIb-8 fluopyram IIIb-9 fluxapyroxad IIIb-10 boscalid IIIb-11 oxathiapiprolin IIIb-12 metalaxyl IIIb-13 metalaxyl-M IIIb-14 ethaboxam IIIb-15 dimethomorph IIIb-16 cyproconazole IIIb-17 difenoconazole IIIb-18 prothioconazole IIIb-19 flutriafol IIIb-20 thiabendazole IIIb-21 ipconazole IIIb-22 tebuconazole IIIb-23 triadimenol IIIb-24 prochloraz IIIb-25 fluquinconazole IIIb-26 triticonazole IIIb-27 fludioxonil IIIb-28 carboxin IIIb-29 silthiofarm IIIb-30 ziram IIIb-31 thiram IIIb-32 carbendazim IIIb-33 thiophanate methyl IIIb-34 fenamidone IIIb-35 hymexazol IIIb-36 fluazinam

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to ternary mixtures, which comprise

at least the carboxamide compound of formula I as component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and at least one biopesticide II, which is preferably selected from the biopesticides II-1 to II-14, and

at least one further active compound III, which may be preferably selected from the insecticides IIIa-1 to IIIa-22 or the fungicides IIIb-1 to IIIb-36.

Such mixtures are preferably ternary mixture comprising the carboxamide compound of formula I as component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and one biopesticide II, which is selected from the biopesticides II-1 to II-14, in particular from the biopesticide strains IIa-1 to IIa-11, and one further active compound III, which may be selected from the insecticides IIIa-1 to IIIa-22.

Such mixtures are preferably ternary mixture comprising the carboxamide compound of formula I as component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and one biopesticide II, which is selected from the biopesticides II-1 to II-14, in particular from the biopesticide strains IIa-1 to IIa-11, and one further active compound III, which may be selected from the fungicides IIIb-1 to IIIb-36.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to ternary mixtures, which comprise

at least the carboxamide compound of formula I as component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and

at least one biopesticide II with nematicidal activity, and

at least one further nematicidal active compound III, preferably selected from abamectin or tioxazafen.

With regard to the use of mixtures according to the present invention for the control of nematodes, especially for their nematicidal activity in seed treatment, the nematicidal mixtures may comprise the carboxamide compound of formula I as component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, combined with one biopesticide II with nematicidal activity or, alternatively, with a non-biopesticide with nematicidal activity, such as abamectin or tioxazafen.

Thus for the control of nematodes, the carboxamide compound of formula I may be combined with abamectin, independently of the presence of a biopestide.

Thus for the control of nematodes, the carboxamide compound of formula I may be combined with tioxazafen, independently of the presence of a biopestide.

Thus the binary nematicidal mixture may comprise the carboxamide compound of formula I and tioxazafen.

Thus the binary nematicidal mixture may comprise the carboxamide compound of formula I and abamectin.

In view of the ternary mixtures described herein above, preference is given to the pesticidal mixtures compiled in the tables below.

Table 1

Pesticidal mixtures, which comprise carboxamide compound of formula I as component 1), preferably compound i of formula I, and in which the combination of components 2) and 3) corresponds in each case to the combination of a biopesticide II or biopesticide strain IIa with an active compound III according to one row of Table M said pesticidal mixtures being referred to as pesticidal mixtures I-M-1 to I-M-1453

TABLE M No. II/IIa III M-1 II-1 IIIa-1 M-2 II-2 IIIa-1 M-3 II-3 IIIa-1 M-4 II-4 IIIa-1 M-5 II-5 IIIa-1 M-6 II-6 IIIa-1 M-7 II-7 IIIa-1 M-8 II-8 IIIa-1 M-9 II-9 IIIa-1 M-10 II-10 IIIa-1 M-11 II-11 IIIa-1 M-12 II-12 IIIa-1 M-13 II-13 IIIa-1 M-14 II-14 IIIa-1 M-15 II-1 IIIa-2 M-16 II-2 IIIa-2 M-17 II-3 IIIa-2 M-18 II-4 IIIa-2 M-19 II-5 IIIa-2 M-20 II-6 IIIa-2 M-21 II-7 IIIa-2 M-22 II-8 IIIa-2 M-23 II-9 IIIa-2 M-24 II-10 IIIa-2 M-25 II-11 IIIa-2 M-26 II-12 IIIa-2 M-27 II-13 IIIa-2 M-28 II-14 IIIa-2 M-29 II-1 IIIa-3 M-30 II-2 IIIa-3 M-31 II-3 IIIa-3 M-32 II-4 IIIa-3 M-33 II-5 IIIa-3 M-34 II-6 IIIa-3 M-35 II-7 IIIa-3 M-36 II-8 IIIa-3 M-37 II-9 IIIa-3 M-38 II-10 IIIa-3 M-39 II-11 IIIa-3 M-40 II-12 IIIa-3 M-41 II-13 IIIa-3 M-42 II-14 IIIa-3 M-43 II-1 IIIa-4 M-44 II-2 IIIa-4 M-45 II-3 IIIa-4 M-46 II-4 IIIa-4 M-47 II-5 IIIa-4 M-48 II-6 IIIa-4 M-49 II-7 IIIa-4 M-50 II-8 IIIa-4 M-51 II-9 IIIa-4 M-52 II-10 IIIa-4 M-53 II-11 IIIa-4 M-54 II-12 IIIa-4 M-55 II-13 IIIa-4 M-56 II-14 IIIa-4 M-57 II-1 IIIa-5 M-58 II-2 IIIa-5 M-59 II-3 IIIa-5 M-60 II-4 IIIa-5 M-61 II-5 IIIa-5 M-62 II-6 IIIa-5 M-63 II-7 IIIa-5 M-64 II-8 IIIa-5 M-65 II-9 IIIa-5 M-66 II-10 IIIa-5 M-67 II-11 IIIa-5 M-68 II-12 IIIa-5 M-69 II-13 IIIa-5 M-70 II-14 IIIa-5 M-71 II-1 IIIa-6 M-72 II-2 IIIa-6 M-73 II-3 IIIa-6 M-74 II-4 IIIa-6 M-75 II-5 IIIa-6 M-76 II-6 IIIa-6 M-77 II-7 IIIa-6 M-78 II-8 IIIa-6 M-79 II-9 IIIa-6 M-80 II-10 IIIa-6 M-81 II-11 IIIa-6 M-82 II-12 IIIa-6 M-83 II-13 IIIa-6 M-84 II-14 IIIa-6 M-85 II-1 IIIa-7 M-86 II-2 IIIa-7 M-87 II-3 IIIa-7 M-88 II-4 IIIa-7 M-89 II-5 IIIa-7 M-90 II-6 IIIa-7 M-91 II-7 IIIa-7 M-92 II-8 IIIa-7 M-93 II-9 IIIa-7 M-94 II-10 IIIa-7 M-95 II-11 IIIa-7 M-96 II-12 IIIa-7 M-97 II-13 IIIa-7 M-98 II-14 IIIa-7 M-99 II-1 IIIa-8 M-100 II-2 IIIa-8 M-101 II-3 IIIa-8 M-102 II-4 IIIa-8 M-103 II-5 IIIa-8 M-104 II-6 IIIa-8 M-105 II-7 IIIa-8 M-106 II-8 IIIa-8 M-107 II-9 IIIa-8 M-108 II-10 IIIa-8 M-109 II-11 IIIa-8 M-110 II-12 IIIa-8 M-111 II-13 IIIa-8 M-112 II-14 IIIa-8 M-113 II-1 IIIa-9 M-114 II-2 IIIa-9 M-115 II-3 IIIa-9 M-116 II-4 IIIa-9 M-117 II-5 IIIa-9 M-118 II-6 IIIa-9 M-119 II-7 IIIa-9 M-120 II-8 IIIa-9 M-121 II-9 IIIa-9 M-122 II-10 IIIa-9 M-123 II-11 IIIa-9 M-124 II-12 IIIa-9 M-125 II-13 IIIa-9 M-126 II-14 IIIa-9 M-127 II-1 IIIa-10 M-128 II-2 IIIa-10 M-129 II-3 IIIa-10 M-130 II-4 IIIa-10 M-131 II-5 IIIa-10 M-132 II-6 IIIa-10 M-133 II-7 IIIa-10 M-134 II-8 IIIa-10 M-135 II-9 IIIa-10 M-136 II-10 IIIa-10 M-137 II-11 IIIa-10 M-138 II-12 IIIa-10 M-139 II-13 IIIa-10 M-140 II-14 IIIa-10 M-141 II-1 IIIa-11 M-142 II-2 IIIa-11 M-143 II-3 IIIa-11 M-144 II-4 IIIa-11 M-145 II-5 IIIa-11 M-146 II-6 IIIa-11 M-147 II-7 IIIa-11 M-148 II-8 IIIa-11 M-149 II-9 IIIa-11 M-150 II-10 IIIa-11 M-151 II-11 IIIa-11 M-152 II-12 IIIa-11 M-153 II-13 IIIa-11 M-154 II-14 IIIa-11 M-155 II-1 IIIa-12 M-156 II-2 IIIa-12 M-157 II-3 IIIa-12 M-158 II-4 IIIa-12 M-159 II-5 IIIa-12 M-160 II-6 IIIa-12 M-161 II-7 IIIa-12 M-162 II-8 IIIa-12 M-163 II-9 IIIa-12 M-164 II-10 IIIa-12 M-165 II-11 IIIa-12 M-166 II-12 IIIa-12 M-167 II-13 IIIa-12 M-168 II-14 IIIa-12 M-169 II-1 IIIa-13 M-170 II-2 IIIa-13 M-171 II-3 IIIa-13 M-172 II-4 IIIa-13 M-173 II-5 IIIa-13 M-174 II-6 IIIa-13 M-175 II-7 IIIa-13 M-176 II-8 IIIa-13 M-177 II-9 IIIa-13 M-178 II-10 IIIa-13 M-179 II-11 IIIa-13 M-180 II-12 IIIa-13 M-181 II-13 IIIa-13 M-182 II-14 IIIa-13 M-183 II-1 IIIa-14 M-184 II-2 IIIa-14 M-185 II-3 IIIa-14 M-186 II-4 IIIa-14 M-187 II-5 IIIa-14 M-188 II-6 IIIa-14 M-189 II-7 IIIa-14 M-190 II-8 IIIa-14 M-191 II-9 IIIa-14 M-192 II-10 IIIa-14 M-193 II-11 IIIa-14 M-194 II-12 IIIa-14 M-195 II-13 IIIa-14 M-196 II-14 IIIa-14 M-197 II-1 IIIa-15 M-198 II-2 IIIa-15 M-199 II-3 IIIa-15 M-200 II-4 IIIa-15 M-201 II-5 IIIa-15 M-202 II-6 IIIa-15 M-203 II-7 IIIa-15 M-204 II-8 IIIa-15 M-205 II-9 IIIa-15 M-206 II-10 IIIa-15 M-207 II-11 IIIa-15 M-208 II-12 IIIa-15 M-209 II-13 IIIa-15 M-210 II-14 IIIa-15 M-211 II-1 IIIa-16 M-212 II-2 IIIa-16 M-213 II-3 IIIa-16 M-214 II-4 IIIa-16 M-215 II-5 IIIa-16 M-216 II-6 IIIa-16 M-217 II-7 IIIa-16 M-218 II-8 IIIa-16 M-219 II-9 IIIa-16 M-220 II-10 IIIa-16 M-221 II-11 IIIa-16 M-222 II-12 IIIa-16 M-223 II-13 IIIa-16 M-224 II-14 IIIa-16 M-225 II-1 IIIa-17 M-226 II-2 IIIa-17 M-227 II-3 IIIa-17 M-228 II-4 IIIa-17 M-229 II-5 IIIa-17 M-230 II-6 IIIa-17 M-231 II-7 IIIa-17 M-232 II-8 IIIa-17 M-233 II-9 IIIa-17 M-234 II-10 IIIa-17 M-235 II-11 IIIa-17 M-236 II-12 IIIa-17 M-237 II-13 IIIa-17 M-238 II-14 IIIa-17 M-239 II-1 IIIa-18 M-240 II-2 IIIa-18 M-241 II-3 IIIa-18 M-242 II-4 IIIa-18 M-243 II-5 IIIa-18 M-244 II-6 IIIa-18 M-245 II-7 IIIa-18 M-246 II-8 IIIa-18 M-247 II-9 IIIa-18 M-248 II-10 IIIa-18 M-249 II-11 IIIa-18 M-250 II-12 IIIa-18 M-251 II-13 IIIa-18 M-252 II-14 IIIa-18 M-253 II-1 IIIa-19 M-254 II-2 IIIa-19 M-255 II-3 IIIa-19 M-256 II-4 IIIa-19 M-257 II-5 IIIa-19 M-258 II-6 IIIa-19 M-259 II-7 IIIa-19 M-260 II-8 IIIa-19 M-261 II-9 IIIa-19 M-262 II-10 IIIa-19 M-263 II-11 IIIa-19 M-264 II-12 IIIa-19 M-265 II-13 IIIa-19 M-266 II-14 IIIa-19 M-267 II-1 IIIa-20 M-268 II-2 IIIa-20 M-269 II-3 IIIa-20 M-270 II-4 IIIa-20 M-271 II-5 IIIa-20 M-272 II-6 IIIa-20 M-273 II-7 IIIa-20 M-274 II-8 IIIa-20 M-275 II-9 IIIa-20 M-276 II-10 IIIa-20 M-277 II-11 IIIa-20 M-278 II-12 IIIa-20 M-279 II-13 IIIa-20 M-280 II-14 IIIa-20 M-281 II-1 IIIa-21 M-282 II-2 IIIa-21 M-283 II-3 IIIa-21 M-284 II-4 IIIa-21 M-285 II-5 IIIa-21 M-286 II-6 IIIa-21 M-287 II-7 IIIa-21 M-288 II-8 IIIa-21 M-289 II-9 IIIa-21 M-290 II-10 IIIa-21 M-291 II-11 IIIa-21 M-292 II-12 IIIa-21 M-293 II-13 IIIa-21 M-294 II-14 IIIa-21 M-295 II-1 IIIa-22 M-296 II-2 IIIa-22 M-297 II-3 IIIa-22 M-298 II-4 IIIa-22 M-299 II-5 IIIa-22 M-300 II-6 IIIa-22 M-301 II-7 IIIa-22 M-302 II-8 IIIa-22 M-303 II-9 IIIa-22 M-304 II-10 IIIa-22 M-305 II-11 IIIa-22 M-306 II-12 IIIa-22 M-307 II-13 IIIa-22 M-308 II-14 IIIa-22 M-309 M-310 II-1 IIIb-1 M-311 II-2 IIIb-1 M-312 II-3 IIIb-1 M-313 II-4 IIIb-1 M-314 II-5 IIIb-1 M-315 II-6 IIIb-1 M-316 II-7 IIIb-1 M-317 II-8 IIIb-1 M-318 II-9 IIIb-1 M-319 II-10 IIIb-1 M-320 II-11 IIIb-1 M-321 II-12 IIIb-1 M-322 II-13 IIIb-1 M-323 II-14 IIIb-1 M-324 II-1 IIIb-2 M-325 II-2 IIIb-2 M-326 II-3 IIIb-2 M-327 II-4 IIIb-2 M-328 II-5 IIIb-2 M-329 II-6 IIIb-2 M-330 II-7 IIIb-2 M-331 II-8 IIIb-2 M-332 II-9 IIIb-2 M-333 II-10 IIIb-2 M-334 II-11 IIIb-2 M-335 II-12 IIIb-2 M-336 II-13 IIIb-2 M-337 II-14 IIIb-2 M-338 II-1 IIIb-3 M-339 II-2 IIIb-3 M-340 II-3 IIIb-3 M-341 II-4 IIIb-3 M-342 II-5 IIIb-3 M-343 II-6 IIIb-3 M-344 II-7 IIIb-3 M-345 II-8 IIIb-3 M-346 II-9 IIIb-3 M-347 II-10 IIIb-3 M-348 II-11 IIIb-3 M-349 II-12 IIIb-3 M-350 II-13 IIIb-3 M-351 II-14 IIIb-3 M-352 II-1 IIIb-4 M-353 II-2 IIIb-4 M-354 II-3 IIIb-4 M-355 II-4 IIIb-4 M-356 II-5 IIIb-4 M-357 II-6 IIIb-4 M-358 II-7 IIIb-4 M-359 II-8 IIIb-4 M-360 II-9 IIIb-4 M-361 II-10 IIIb-4 M-362 II-11 IIIb-4 M-363 II-12 IIIb-4 M-364 II-13 IIIb-4 M-365 II-14 IIIb-4 M-366 II-1 IIIb-5 M-367 II-2 IIIb-5 M-368 II-3 IIIb-5 M-369 II-4 IIIb-5 M-370 II-5 IIIb-5 M-371 II-6 IIIb-5 M-372 II-7 IIIb-5 M-373 II-8 IIIb-5 M-374 II-9 IIIb-5 M-375 II-10 IIIb-5 M-376 II-11 IIIb-5 M-377 II-12 IIIb-5 M-378 II-13 IIIb-5 M-379 II-14 IIIb-5 M-380 II-1 IIIb-6 M-381 II-2 IIIb-6 M-382 II-3 IIIb-6 M-383 II-4 IIIb-6 M-384 II-5 IIIb-6 M-385 II-6 IIIb-6 M-386 II-7 IIIb-6 M-387 II-8 IIIb-6 M-388 II-9 IIIb-6 M-389 II-10 IIIb-6 M-390 II-11 IIIb-6 M-391 II-12 IIIb-6 M-392 II-13 IIIb-6 M-393 II-14 IIIb-6 M-394 II-1 IIIb-7 M-395 II-2 IIIb-7 M-396 II-3 IIIb-7 M-397 II-4 IIIb-7 M-398 II-5 IIIb-7 M-399 II-6 IIIb-7 M-400 II-7 IIIb-7 M-401 II-8 IIIb-7 M-402 II-9 IIIb-7 M-403 II-10 IIIb-7 M-404 II-11 IIIb-7 M-405 II-12 IIIb-7 M-406 II-13 IIIb-7 M-407 II-14 IIIb-7 M-408 II-1 IIIb-8 M-409 II-2 IIIb-8 M-410 II-3 IIIb-8 M-411 II-4 IIIb-8 M-412 II-5 IIIb-8 M-413 II-6 IIIb-8 M-414 II-7 IIIb-8 M-415 II-8 IIIb-8 M-416 II-9 IIIb-8 M-417 II-10 IIIb-8 M-418 II-11 IIIb-8 M-419 II-12 IIIb-8 M-420 II-13 IIIb-8 M-421 II-14 IIIb-8 M-422 II-1 IIIb-9 M-423 II-2 IIIb-9 M-424 II-3 IIIb-9 M-425 II-4 IIIb-9 M-426 II-5 IIIb-9 M-427 II-6 IIIb-9 M-428 II-7 IIIb-9 M-429 II-8 IIIb-9 M-430 II-9 IIIb-9 M-431 II-10 IIIb-9 M-432 II-11 IIIb-9 M-433 II-12 IIIb-9 M-434 II-13 IIIb-9 M-435 II-14 IIIb-9 M-436 II-1 IIIb-10 M-437 II-2 IIIb-10 M-438 II-3 IIIb-10 M-439 II-4 IIIb-10 M-440 II-5 IIIb-10 M-441 II-6 IIIb-10 M-442 II-7 IIIb-10 M-443 II-8 IIIb-10 M-444 II-9 IIIb-10 M-445 II-10 IIIb-10 M-446 II-11 IIIb-10 M-447 II-12 IIIb-10 M-448 II-13 IIIb-10 M-449 II-14 IIIb-10 M-450 II-1 IIIb-11 M-451 II-2 IIIb-11 M-452 II-3 IIIb-11 M-453 II-4 IIIb-11 M-454 II-5 IIIb-11 M-455 II-6 IIIb-11 M-456 II-7 IIIb-11 M-457 II-8 IIIb-11 M-458 II-9 IIIb-11 M-459 II-10 IIIb-11 M-460 II-11 IIIb-11 M-461 II-12 IIIb-11 M-462 II-13 IIIb-11 M-463 II-14 IIIb-11 M-464 II-1 IIIb-12 M-465 II-2 IIIb-12 M-466 II-3 IIIb-12 M-467 II-4 IIIb-12 M-468 II-5 IIIb-12 M-469 II-6 IIIb-12 M-470 II-7 IIIb-12 M-471 II-8 IIIb-12 M-472 II-9 IIIb-12 M-473 II-10 IIIb-12 M-474 II-11 IIIb-12 M-475 II-12 IIIb-12 M-476 II-13 IIIb-12 M-477 II-14 IIIb-12 M-478 II-1 IIIb-13 M-479 II-2 IIIb-13 M-480 II-3 IIIb-13 M-481 II-4 IIIb-13 M-482 II-5 IIIb-13 M-483 II-6 IIIb-13 M-484 II-7 IIIb-13 M-485 II-8 IIIb-13 M-486 II-9 IIIb-13 M-487 II-10 IIIb-13 M-488 II-11 IIIb-13 M-489 II-12 IIIb-13 M-490 II-13 IIIb-13 M-491 II-14 IIIb-13 M-492 II-1 IIIb-14 M-493 II-2 IIIb-14 M-494 II-3 IIIb-14 M-495 II-4 IIIb-14 M-496 II-5 IIIb-14 M-497 II-6 IIIb-14 M-498 II-7 IIIb-14 M-499 II-8 IIIb-14 M-500 II-9 IIIb-14 M-501 II-10 IIIb-14 M-502 II-11 IIIb-14 M-503 II-12 IIIb-14 M-504 II-13 IIIb-14 M-505 II-14 IIIb-14 M-506 II-1 IIIb-15 M-507 II-2 IIIb-15 M-508 II-3 IIIb-15 M-509 II-4 IIIb-15 M-510 II-5 IIIb-15 M-511 II-6 IIIb-15 M-512 II-7 IIIb-15 M-513 II-8 IIIb-15 M-514 II-9 IIIb-15 M-515 II-10 IIIb-15 M-516 II-11 IIIb-15 M-517 II-12 IIIb-15 M-518 II-13 IIIb-15 M-519 II-14 IIIb-15 M-520 II-1 IIIb-16 M-521 II-2 IIIb-16 M-522 II-3 IIIb-16 M-523 II-4 IIIb-16 M-524 II-5 IIIb-16 M-525 II-6 IIIb-16 M-526 II-7 IIIb-16 M-527 II-8 IIIb-16 M-528 II-9 IIIb-16 M-529 II-10 IIIb-16 M-530 II-11 IIIb-16 M-531 II-12 IIIb-16 M-532 II-13 IIIb-16 M-533 II-14 IIIb-16 M-534 II-1 IIIb-17 M-535 II-2 IIIb-17 M-536 II-3 IIIb-17 M-537 II-4 IIIb-17 M-538 II-5 IIIb-17 M-539 II-6 IIIb-17 M-540 II-7 IIIb-17 M-541 II-8 IIIb-17 M-542 II-9 IIIb-17 M-543 II-10 IIIb-17 M-544 II-11 IIIb-17 M-545 II-12 IIIb-17 M-546 II-13 IIIb-17 M-547 II-14 IIIb-17 M-548 II-1 IIIb-18 M-549 II-2 IIIb-18 M-550 II-3 IIIb-18 M-551 II-4 IIIb-18 M-552 II-5 IIIb-18 M-553 II-6 IIIb-18 M-554 II-7 IIIb-18 M-555 II-8 IIIb-18 M-556 II-9 IIIb-18 M-557 II-10 IIIb-18 M-558 II-11 IIIb-18 M-559 II-12 IIIb-18 M-560 II-13 IIIb-18 M-561 II-14 IIIb-18 M-562 II-1 IIIb-19 M-563 II-2 IIIb-19 M-564 II-3 IIIb-19 M-565 II-4 IIIb-19 M-566 II-5 IIIb-19 M-567 II-6 IIIb-19 M-568 II-7 IIIb-19 M-569 II-8 IIIb-19 M-570 II-9 IIIb-19 M-571 II-10 IIIb-19 M-572 II-11 IIIb-19 M-573 II-12 IIIb-19 M-574 II-13 IIIb-19 M-575 II-14 IIIb-19 M-576 II-1 IIIb-20 M-577 II-2 IIIb-20 M-578 II-3 IIIb-20 M-579 II-4 IIIb-20 M-580 II-5 IIIb-20 M-581 II-6 IIIb-20 M-582 II-7 IIIb-20 M-583 II-8 IIIb-20 M-584 II-9 IIIb-20 M-585 II-10 IIIb-20 M-586 II-11 IIIb-20 M-587 II-12 IIIb-20 M-588 II-13 IIIb-20 M-589 II-14 IIIb-20 M-590 II-1 IIIb-21 M-591 II-2 IIIb-21 M-592 II-3 IIIb-21 M-593 II-4 IIIb-21 M-594 II-5 IIIb-21 M-595 II-6 IIIb-21 M-596 II-7 IIIb-21 M-597 II-8 IIIb-21 M-598 II-9 IIIb-21 M-599 II-10 IIIb-21 M-600 II-11 IIIb-21 M-601 II-12 IIIb-21 M-602 II-13 IIIb-21 M-603 II-14 IIIb-21 M-604 II-1 IIIb-22 M-605 II-2 IIIb-22 M-606 II-3 IIIb-22 M-607 II-4 IIIb-22 M-608 II-5 IIIb-22 M-609 II-6 IIIb-22 M-610 II-7 IIIb-22 M-611 II-8 IIIb-22 M-612 II-9 IIIb-22 M-613 II-10 IIIb-22 M-614 II-11 IIIb-22 M-615 II-12 IIIb-22 M-616 II-13 IIIb-22 M-617 II-14 IIIb-22 M-618 II-1 IIIb-23 M-619 II-2 IIIb-23 M-620 II-3 IIIb-23 M-621 II-4 IIIb-23 M-622 II-5 IIIb-23 M-623 II-6 IIIb-23 M-624 II-7 IIIb-23 M-625 II-8 IIIb-23 M-626 II-9 IIIb-23 M-627 II-10 IIIb-23 M-628 II-11 IIIb-23 M-629 II-12 IIIb-23 M-630 II-13 IIIb-23 M-631 II-14 IIIb-23 M-632 II-1 IIIb-24 M-633 II-2 IIIb-24 M-634 II-3 IIIb-24 M-635 II-4 IIIb-24 M-636 II-5 IIIb-24 M-637 II-6 IIIb-24 M-638 II-7 IIIb-24 M-639 II-8 IIIb-24 M-640 II-9 IIIb-24 M-641 II-10 IIIb-24 M-642 II-11 IIIb-24 M-643 II-12 IIIb-24 M-644 II-13 IIIb-24 M-645 II-14 IIIb-24 M-646 II-1 IIIb-25 M-647 II-2 IIIb-25 M-648 II-3 IIIb-25 M-649 II-4 IIIb-25 M-650 II-5 IIIb-25 M-651 II-6 IIIb-25 M-652 II-7 IIIb-25 M-653 II-8 IIIb-25 M-654 II-9 IIIb-25 M-655 II-10 IIIb-25 M-656 II-11 IIIb-25 M-657 II-12 IIIb-25 M-658 II-13 IIIb-25 M-659 II-14 IIIb-25 M-660 II-1 IIIb-26 M-661 II-2 IIIb-26 M-662 II-3 IIIb-26 M-663 II-4 IIIb-26 M-664 II-5 IIIb-26 M-665 II-6 IIIb-26 M-666 II-7 IIIb-26 M-667 II-8 IIIb-26 M-668 II-9 IIIb-26 M-669 II-10 IIIb-26 M-670 II-11 IIIb-26 M-671 II-12 IIIb-26 M-672 II-13 IIIb-26 M-673 II-14 IIIb-26 M-674 II-1 IIIb-27 M-675 II-2 IIIb-27 M-676 II-3 IIIb-27 M-677 II-4 IIIb-27 M-678 II-5 IIIb-27 M-679 II-6 IIIb-27 M-680 II-7 IIIb-27 M-681 II-8 IIIb-27 M-682 II-9 IIIb-27 M-683 II-10 IIIb-27 M-684 II-11 IIIb-27 M-685 II-12 IIIb-27 M-686 II-13 IIIb-27 M-687 II-14 IIIb-27 M-688 II-1 IIIb-28 M-689 II-2 IIIb-28 M-690 II-3 IIIb-28 M-691 II-4 IIIb-28 M-692 II-5 IIIb-28 M-693 II-6 IIIb-28 M-694 II-7 IIIb-28 M-695 II-8 IIIb-28 M-696 II-9 IIIb-28 M-697 II-10 IIIb-28 M-698 II-11 IIIb-28 M-699 II-12 IIIb-28 M-700 II-13 IIIb-28 M-701 II-14 IIIb-28 M-702 II-1 IIIb-29 M-703 II-2 IIIb-29 M-704 II-3 IIIb-29 M-705 II-4 IIIb-29 M-706 II-5 IIIb-29 M-707 II-6 IIIb-29 M-708 II-7 IIIb-29 M-709 II-8 IIIb-29 M-710 II-9 IIIb-29 M-711 II-10 IIIb-29 M-712 II-11 IIIb-29 M-713 II-12 IIIb-29 M-714 II-13 IIIb-29 M-715 II-14 IIIb-29 M-716 II-1 IIIb-30 M-717 II-2 IIIb-30 M-718 II-3 IIIb-30 M-719 II-4 IIIb-30 M-720 II-5 IIIb-30 M-721 II-6 IIIb-30 M-722 II-7 IIIb-30 M-723 II-8 IIIb-30 M-724 II-9 IIIb-30 M-725 II-10 IIIb-30 M-726 II-11 IIIb-30 M-727 II-12 IIIb-30 M-728 II-13 IIIb-30 M-729 II-14 IIIb-30 M-730 II-1 IIIb-31 M-731 II-2 IIIb-31 M-732 II-3 IIIb-31 M-733 II-4 IIIb-31 M-734 II-5 IIIb-31 M-735 II-6 IIIb-31 M-736 II-7 IIIb-31 M-737 II-8 IIIb-31 M-738 II-9 IIIb-31 M-739 II-10 IIIb-31 M-740 II-11 IIIb-31 M-741 II-12 IIIb-31 M-742 II-13 IIIb-31 M-743 II-14 IIIb-31 M-744 II-1 IIIb-32 M-745 II-2 IIIb-32 M-746 II-3 IIIb-32 M-747 II-4 IIIb-32 M-748 II-5 IIIb-32 M-749 II-6 IIIb-32 M-750 II-7 IIIb-32 M-751 II-8 IIIb-32 M-752 II-9 IIIb-32 M-753 II-10 IIIb-32 M-754 II-11 IIIb-32 M-755 II-12 IIIb-32 M-756 II-13 IIIb-32 M-757 II-14 IIIb-32 M-758 II-1 IIIb-33 M-759 II-2 IIIb-33 M-760 II-3 IIIb-33 M-761 II-4 IIIb-33 M-762 II-5 IIIb-33 M-763 II-6 IIIb-33 M-764 II-7 IIIb-33 M-765 II-8 IIIb-33 M-766 II-9 IIIb-33 M-767 II-10 IIIb-33 M-768 II-11 IIIb-33 M-769 II-12 IIIb-33 M-770 II-13 IIIb-33 M-771 II-14 IIIb-33 M-772 II-1 IIIb-34 M-773 II-2 IIIb-34 M-774 II-3 IIIb-34 M-775 II-4 IIIb-34 M-776 II-5 IIIb-34 M-777 II-6 IIIb-34 M-778 II-7 IIIb-34 M-779 II-8 IIIb-34 M-780 II-9 IIIb-34 M-781 II-10 IIIb-34 M-782 II-11 IIIb-34 M-783 II-12 IIIb-34 M-784 II-13 IIIb-34 M-785 II-14 IIIb-34 M-786 II-1 IIIb-35 M-787 II-2 IIIb-35 M-788 II-3 IIIb-35 M-789 II-4 IIIb-35 M-790 II-5 IIIb-35 M-791 II-6 IIIb-35 M-792 II-7 IIIb-35 M-793 II-8 IIIb-35 M-794 II-9 IIIb-35 M-795 II-10 IIIb-35 M-796 II-11 IIIb-35 M-797 II-12 IIIb-35 M-798 II-13 IIIb-35 M-799 II-14 IIIb-35 M-800 II-1 IIIb-36 M-801 II-2 IIIb-36 M-802 II-3 IIIb-36 M-803 II-4 IIIb-36 M-804 II-5 IIIb-36 M-805 II-6 IIIb-36 M-806 II-7 IIIb-36 M-807 II-8 IIIb-36 M-808 II-9 IIIb-36 M-809 II-10 IIIb-36 M-810 II-11 IIIb-36 M-811 II-12 IIIb-36 M-812 II-13 IIIb-36 M-813 II-14 IIIb-36 M-814 M-815 IIa-1 IIIa-1 M-816 IIa-2 IIIa-1 M-817 IIa-3 IIIa-1 M-818 IIa-4 IIIa-1 M-819 IIa-5 IIIa-1 M-820 IIa-6 IIIa-1 M-821 IIa-7 IIIa-1 M-822 IIa-8 IIIa-1 M-823 IIa-9 IIIa-1 M-824 IIa-10 IIIa-1 M-825 IIa-11 IIIa-1 M-826 IIa-1 IIIa-2 M-827 IIa-2 IIIa-2 M-828 IIa-3 IIIa-2 M-829 IIa-4 IIIa-2 M-830 IIa-5 IIIa-2 M-831 IIa-6 IIIa-2 M-832 IIa-7 IIIa-2 M-833 IIa-8 IIIa-2 M-834 IIa-9 IIIa-2 M-835 IIa-10 IIIa-2 M-836 IIa-11 IIIa-2 M-837 IIa-1 IIIa-3 M-838 IIa-2 IIIa-3 M-839 IIa-3 IIIa-3 M-840 IIa-4 IIIa-3 M-841 IIa-5 IIIa-3 M-842 IIa-6 IIIa-3 M-843 IIa-7 IIIa-3 M-844 IIa-8 IIIa-3 M-845 IIa-9 IIIa-3 M-846 IIa-10 IIIa-3 M-847 IIa-11 IIIa-3 M-848 IIa-1 IIIa-4 M-849 IIa-2 IIIa-4 M-850 IIa-3 IIIa-4 M-851 IIa-4 IIIa-4 M-852 IIa-5 IIIa-4 M-853 IIa-6 IIIa-4 M-854 IIa-7 IIIa-4 M-855 IIa-8 IIIa-4 M-856 IIa-9 IIIa-4 M-857 IIa-10 IIIa-4 M-858 IIa-11 IIIa-4 M-859 IIa-1 IIIa-5 M-860 IIa-2 IIIa-5 M-861 IIa-3 IIIa-5 M-862 IIa-4 IIIa-5 M-863 IIa-5 IIIa-5 M-864 IIa-6 IIIa-5 M-865 IIa-7 IIIa-5 M-866 IIa-8 IIIa-5 M-867 IIa-9 IIIa-5 M-868 IIa-10 IIIa-5 M-869 IIa-11 IIIa-5 M-870 IIa-1 IIIa-6 M-871 IIa-2 IIIa-6 M-872 IIa-3 IIIa-6 M-873 IIa-4 IIIa-6 M-874 IIa-5 IIIa-6 M-875 IIa-6 IIIa-6 M-876 IIa-7 IIIa-6 M-877 IIa-8 IIIa-6 M-878 IIa-9 IIIa-6 M-879 IIa-10 IIIa-6 M-880 IIa-11 IIIa-6 M-881 IIa-1 IIIa-7 M-882 IIa-2 IIIa-7 M-883 IIa-3 IIIa-7 M-884 IIa-4 IIIa-7 M-885 IIa-5 IIIa-7 M-886 IIa-6 IIIa-7 M-887 IIa-7 IIIa-7 M-888 IIa-8 IIIa-7 M-889 IIa-9 IIIa-7 M-890 IIa-10 IIIa-7 M-891 IIa-11 IIIa-7 M-892 IIa-1 IIIa-8 M-893 IIa-2 IIIa-8 M-894 IIa-3 IIIa-8 M-895 IIa-4 IIIa-8 M-896 IIa-5 IIIa-8 M-897 IIa-6 IIIa-8 M-898 IIa-7 IIIa-8 M-899 IIa-8 IIIa-8 M-900 IIa-9 IIIa-8 M-901 IIa-10 IIIa-8 M-902 IIa-11 IIIa-8 M-903 IIa-1 IIIa-9 M-904 IIa-2 IIIa-9 M-905 IIa-3 IIIa-9 M-906 IIa-4 IIIa-9 M-907 IIa-5 IIIa-9 M-908 IIa-6 IIIa-9 M-909 IIa-7 IIIa-9 M-910 IIa-8 IIIa-9 M-911 IIa-9 IIIa-9 M-912 IIa-10 IIIa-9 M-913 IIa-11 IIIa-9 M-914 IIa-1 IIIa-10 M-915 IIa-2 IIIa-10 M-916 IIa-3 IIIa-10 M-917 IIa-4 IIIa-10 M-918 IIa-5 IIIa-10 M-919 IIa-6 IIIa-10 M-920 IIa-7 IIIa-10 M-921 IIa-8 IIIa-10 M-922 IIa-9 IIIa-10 M-923 IIa-10 IIIa-10 M-924 IIa-11 IIIa-10 M-925 IIa-1 IIIa-11 M-926 IIa-2 IIIa-11 M-927 IIa-3 IIIa-11 M-928 IIa-4 IIIa-11 M-929 IIa-5 IIIa-11 M-930 IIa-6 IIIa-11 M-931 IIa-7 IIIa-11 M-932 IIa-8 IIIa-11 M-933 IIa-9 IIIa-11 M-934 IIa-10 IIIa-11 M-935 IIa-11 IIIa-11 M-936 IIa-1 IIIa-12 M-937 IIa-2 IIIa-12 M-938 IIa-3 IIIa-12 M-939 IIa-4 IIIa-12 M-940 IIa-5 IIIa-12 M-941 IIa-6 IIIa-12 M-942 IIa-7 IIIa-12 M-943 IIa-8 IIIa-12 M-944 IIa-9 IIIa-12 M-945 IIa-10 IIIa-12 M-946 IIa-11 IIIa-12 M-947 IIa-1 IIIa-13 M-948 IIa-2 IIIa-13 M-949 IIa-3 IIIa-13 M-950 IIa-4 IIIa-13 M-951 IIa-5 IIIa-13 M-952 IIa-6 IIIa-13 M-953 IIa-7 IIIa-13 M-954 IIa-8 IIIa-13 M-955 IIa-9 IIIa-13 M-956 IIa-10 IIIa-13 M-957 IIa-11 IIIa-13 M-958 IIa-1 IIIa-14 M-959 IIa-2 IIIa-14 M-960 IIa-3 IIIa-14 M-961 IIa-4 IIIa-14 M-962 IIa-5 IIIa-14 M-963 IIa-6 IIIa-14 M-964 IIa-7 IIIa-14 M-965 IIa-8 IIIa-14 M-966 IIa-9 IIIa-14 M-967 IIa-10 IIIa-14 M-968 IIa-11 IIIa-14 M-969 IIa-1 IIIa-15 M-970 IIa-2 IIIa-15 M-971 IIa-3 IIIa-15 M-972 IIa-4 IIIa-15 M-973 IIa-5 IIIa-15 M-974 IIa-6 IIIa-15 M-975 IIa-7 IIIa-15 M-976 IIa-8 IIIa-15 M-977 IIa-9 IIIa-15 M-978 IIa-10 IIIa-15 M-979 IIa-11 IIIa-15 M-980 IIa-1 IIIa-16 M-981 IIa-2 IIIa-16 M-982 IIa-3 IIIa-16 M-983 IIa-4 IIIa-16 M-984 IIa-5 IIIa-16 M-985 IIa-6 IIIa-16 M-986 IIa-7 IIIa-16 M-987 IIa-8 IIIa-16 M-988 IIa-9 IIIa-16 M-989 IIa-10 IIIa-16 M-990 IIa-11 IIIa-16 M-991 IIa-1 IIIa-17 M-992 IIa-2 IIIa-17 M-993 IIa-3 IIIa-17 M-994 IIa-4 IIIa-17 M-995 IIa-5 IIIa-17 M-996 IIa-6 IIIa-17 M-997 IIa-7 IIIa-17 M-998 IIa-8 IIIa-17 M-999 IIa-9 IIIa-17 M-1000 IIa-10 IIIa-17 M-1001 IIa-11 IIIa-17 M-1002 IIa-1 IIIa-18 M-1003 IIa-2 IIIa-18 M-1004 IIa-3 IIIa-18 M-1005 IIa-4 IIIa-18 M-1006 IIa-5 IIIa-18 M-1007 IIa-6 IIIa-18 M-1008 IIa-7 IIIa-18 M-1009 IIa-8 IIIa-18 M-1010 IIa-9 IIIa-18 M-1011 IIa-10 IIIa-18 M-1012 IIa-11 IIIa-18 M-1013 IIa-1 IIIa-19 M-1014 IIa-2 IIIa-19 M-1015 IIa-3 IIIa-19 M-1016 IIa-4 IIIa-19 M-1017 IIa-5 IIIa-19 M-1018 IIa-6 IIIa-19 M-1019 IIa-7 IIIa-19 M-1020 IIa-8 IIIa-19 M-1021 IIa-9 IIIa-19 M-1022 IIa-10 IIIa-19 M-1023 IIa-11 IIIa-19 M-1024 IIa-1 IIIa-20 M-1025 IIa-2 IIIa-20 M-1026 IIa-3 IIIa-20 M-1027 IIa-4 IIIa-20 M-1028 IIa-5 IIIa-20 M-1029 IIa-6 IIIa-20 M-1030 IIa-7 IIIa-20 M-1031 IIa-8 IIIa-20 M-1032 IIa-9 IIIa-20 M-1033 IIa-10 IIIa-20 M-1034 IIa-11 IIIa-20 M-1035 IIa-1 IIIa-21 M-1036 IIa-2 IIIa-21 M-1037 IIa-3 IIIa-21 M-1038 IIa-4 IIIa-21 M-1039 IIa-5 IIIa-21 M-1040 IIa-6 IIIa-21 M-1041 IIa-7 IIIa-21 M-1042 IIa-8 IIIa-21 M-1043 IIa-9 IIIa-21 M-1044 IIa-10 IIIa-21 M-1045 IIa-11 IIIa-21 M-1046 IIa-1 IIIa-22 M-1047 IIa-2 IIIa-22 M-1048 IIa-3 IIIa-22 M-1049 IIa-4 IIIa-22 M-1050 IIa-5 IIIa-22 M-1051 IIa-6 IIIa-22 M-1052 IIa-7 IIIa-22 M-1053 IIa-8 IIIa-22 M-1054 IIa-9 IIIa-22 M-1055 IIa-10 IIIa-22 M-1056 IIa-11 IIIa-22 M-1057 M-1058 IIa-1 IIIb-1 M-1059 IIa-2 IIIb-1 M-1060 IIa-3 IIIb-1 M-1061 IIa-4 IIIb-1 M-1062 IIa-5 IIIb-1 M-1063 IIa-6 IIIb-1 M-1064 IIa-7 IIIb-1 M-1065 IIa-8 IIIb-1 M-1066 IIa-9 IIIb-1 M-1067 IIa-10 IIIb-1 M-1068 IIa-11 IIIb-1 M-1069 IIa-1 IIIb-2 M-1070 IIa-2 IIIb-2 M-1071 IIa-3 IIIb-2 M-1072 IIa-4 IIIb-2 M-1073 IIa-5 IIIb-2 M-1074 IIa-6 IIIb-2 M-1075 IIa-7 IIIb-2 M-1076 IIa-8 IIIb-2 M-1077 IIa-9 IIIb-2 M-1078 IIa-10 IIIb-2 M-1079 IIa-11 IIIb-2 M-1080 IIa-1 IIIb-3 M-1081 IIa-2 IIIb-3 M-1082 IIa-3 IIIb-3 M-1083 IIa-4 IIIb-3 M-1084 IIa-5 IIIb-3 M-1085 IIa-6 IIIb-3 M-1086 IIa-7 IIIb-3 M-1087 IIa-8 IIIb-3 M-1088 IIa-9 IIIb-3 M-1089 IIa-10 IIIb-3 M-1090 IIa-11 IIIb-3 M-1091 IIa-1 IIIb-4 M-1092 IIa-2 IIIb-4 M-1093 IIa-3 IIIb-4 M-1094 IIa-4 IIIb-4 M-1095 IIa-5 IIIb-4 M-1096 IIa-6 IIIb-4 M-1097 IIa-7 IIIb-4 M-1098 IIa-8 IIIb-4 M-1099 IIa-9 IIIb-4 M-1100 IIa-10 IIIb-4 M-1101 IIa-11 IIIb-4 M-1102 IIa-1 IIIb-5 M-1103 IIa-2 IIIb-5 M-1104 IIa-3 IIIb-5 M-1105 IIa-4 IIIb-5 M-1106 IIa-5 IIIb-5 M-1107 IIa-6 IIIb-5 M-1108 IIa-7 IIIb-5 M-1109 IIa-8 IIIb-5 M-1110 IIa-9 IIIb-5 M-1111 IIa-10 IIIb-5 M-1112 IIa-11 IIIb-5 M-1113 IIa-1 IIIb-6 M-1114 IIa-2 IIIb-6 M-1115 IIa-3 IIIb-6 M-1116 IIa-4 IIIb-6 M-1117 IIa-5 IIIb-6 M-1118 IIa-6 IIIb-6 M-1119 IIa-7 IIIb-6 M-1120 IIa-8 IIIb-6 M-1121 IIa-9 IIIb-6 M-1122 IIa-10 IIIb-6 M-1123 IIa-11 IIIb-6 M-1124 IIa-1 IIIb-7 M-1125 IIa-2 IIIb-7 M-1126 IIa-3 IIIb-7 M-1127 IIa-4 IIIb-7 M-1128 IIa-5 IIIb-7 M-1129 IIa-6 IIIb-7 M-1130 IIa-7 IIIb-7 M-1131 IIa-8 IIIb-7 M-1132 IIa-9 IIIb-7 M-1133 IIa-10 IIIb-7 M-1134 IIa-11 IIIb-7 M-1135 IIa-1 IIIb-8 M-1136 IIa-2 IIIb-8 M-1137 IIa-3 IIIb-8 M-1138 IIa-4 IIIb-8 M-1139 IIa-5 IIIb-8 M-1140 IIa-6 IIIb-8 M-1141 IIa-7 IIIb-8 M-1142 IIa-8 IIIb-8 M-1143 IIa-9 IIIb-8 M-1144 IIa-10 IIIb-8 M-1145 IIa-11 IIIb-8 M-1146 IIa-1 IIIb-9 M-1147 IIa-2 IIIb-9 M-1148 IIa-3 IIIb-9 M-1149 IIa-4 IIIb-9 M-1150 IIa-5 IIIb-9 M-1151 IIa-6 IIIb-9 M-1152 IIa-7 IIIb-9 M-1153 IIa-8 IIIb-9 M-1154 IIa-9 IIIb-9 M-1155 IIa-10 IIIb-9 M-1156 IIa-11 IIIb-9 M-1157 IIa-1 IIIb-10 M-1158 IIa-2 IIIb-10 M-1159 IIa-3 IIIb-10 M-1160 IIa-4 IIIb-10 M-1161 IIa-5 IIIb-10 M-1162 IIa-6 IIIb-10 M-1163 IIa-7 IIIb-10 M-1164 IIa-8 IIIb-10 M-1165 IIa-9 IIIb-10 M-1166 IIa-10 IIIb-10 M-1167 IIa-11 IIIb-10 M-1168 IIa-1 IIIb-11 M-1169 IIa-2 IIIb-11 M-1170 IIa-3 IIIb-11 M-1171 IIa-4 IIIb-11 M-1172 IIa-5 IIIb-11 M-1173 IIa-6 IIIb-11 M-1174 IIa-7 IIIb-11 M-1175 IIa-8 IIIb-11 M-1176 IIa-9 IIIb-11 M-1177 IIa-10 IIIb-11 M-1178 IIa-11 IIIb-11 M-1179 IIa-1 IIIb-12 M-1180 IIa-2 IIIb-12 M-1181 IIa-3 IIIb-12 M-1182 IIa-4 IIIb-12 M-1183 IIa-5 IIIb-12 M-1184 IIa-6 IIIb-12 M-1185 IIa-7 IIIb-12 M-1186 IIa-8 IIIb-12 M-1187 IIa-9 IIIb-12 M-1188 IIa-10 IIIb-12 M-1189 IIa-11 IIIb-12 M-1190 IIa-1 IIIb-13 M-1191 IIa-2 IIIb-13 M-1192 IIa-3 IIIb-13 M-1193 IIa-4 IIIb-13 M-1194 IIa-5 IIIb-13 M-1195 IIa-6 IIIb-13 M-1196 IIa-7 IIIb-13 M-1197 IIa-8 IIIb-13 M-1198 IIa-9 IIIb-13 M-1199 IIa-10 IIIb-13 M-1200 IIa-11 IIIb-13 M-1201 IIa-1 IIIb-14 M-1202 IIa-2 IIIb-14 M-1203 IIa-3 IIIb-14 M-1204 IIa-4 IIIb-14 M-1205 IIa-5 IIIb-14 M-1206 IIa-6 IIIb-14 M-1207 IIa-7 IIIb-14 M-1208 IIa-8 IIIb-14 M-1209 IIa-9 IIIb-14 M-1210 IIa-10 IIIb-14 M-1211 IIa-11 IIIb-14 M-1212 IIa-1 IIIb-15 M-1213 IIa-2 IIIb-15 M-1214 IIa-3 IIIb-15 M-1215 IIa-4 IIIb-15 M-1216 IIa-5 IIIb-15 M-1217 IIa-6 IIIb-15 M-1218 IIa-7 IIIb-15 M-1219 IIa-8 IIIb-15 M-1220 IIa-9 IIIb-15 M-1221 IIa-10 IIIb-15 M-1222 IIa-11 IIIb-15 M-1223 IIa-1 IIIb-16 M-1224 IIa-2 IIIb-16 M-1225 IIa-3 IIIb-16 M-1226 IIa-4 IIIb-16 M-1227 IIa-5 IIIb-16 M-1228 IIa-6 IIIb-16 M-1229 IIa-7 IIIb-16 M-1230 IIa-8 IIIb-16 M-1231 IIa-9 IIIb-16 M-1232 IIa-10 IIIb-16 M-1233 IIa-11 IIIb-16 M-1234 IIa-1 IIIb-17 M-1235 IIa-2 IIIb-17 M-1236 IIa-3 IIIb-17 M-1237 IIa-4 IIIb-17 M-1238 IIa-5 IIIb-17 M-1239 IIa-6 IIIb-17 M-1240 IIa-7 IIIb-17 M-1241 IIa-8 IIIb-17 M-1242 IIa-9 IIIb-17 M-1243 IIa-10 IIIb-17 M-1244 IIa-11 IIIb-17 M-1245 IIa-1 IIIb-18 M-1246 IIa-2 IIIb-18 M-1247 IIa-3 IIIb-18 M-1248 IIa-4 IIIb-18 M-1249 IIa-5 IIIb-18 M-1250 IIa-6 IIIb-18 M-1251 IIa-7 IIIb-18 M-1252 IIa-8 IIIb-18 M-1253 IIa-9 IIIb-18 M-1254 IIa-10 IIIb-18 M-1255 IIa-11 IIIb-18 M-1256 IIa-1 IIIb-19 M-1257 IIa-2 IIIb-19 M-1258 IIa-3 IIIb-19 M-1259 IIa-4 IIIb-19 M-1260 IIa-5 IIIb-19 M-1261 IIa-6 IIIb-19 M-1262 IIa-7 IIIb-19 M-1263 IIa-8 IIIb-19 M-1264 IIa-9 IIIb-19 M-1265 IIa-10 IIIb-19 M-1266 IIa-11 IIIb-19 M-1267 IIa-1 IIIb-20 M-1268 IIa-2 IIIb-20 M-1269 IIa-3 IIIb-20 M-1270 IIa-4 IIIb-20 M-1271 IIa-5 IIIb-20 M-1272 IIa-6 IIIb-20 M-1273 IIa-7 IIIb-20 M-1274 IIa-8 IIIb-20 M-1275 IIa-9 IIIb-20 M-1276 IIa-10 IIIb-20 M-1277 IIa-11 IIIb-20 M-1278 IIa-1 IIIb-21 M-1279 IIa-2 IIIb-21 M-1280 IIa-3 IIIb-21 M-1281 IIa-4 IIIb-21 M-1282 IIa-5 IIIb-21 M-1283 IIa-6 IIIb-21 M-1284 IIa-7 IIIb-21 M-1285 IIa-8 IIIb-21 M-1286 IIa-9 IIIb-21 M-1287 IIa-10 IIIb-21 M-1288 IIa-11 IIIb-21 M-1289 IIa-1 IIIb-22 M-1290 IIa-2 IIIb-22 M-1291 IIa-3 IIIb-22 M-1292 IIa-4 IIIb-22 M-1293 IIa-5 IIIb-22 M-1294 IIa-6 IIIb-22 M-1295 IIa-7 IIIb-22 M-1296 IIa-8 IIIb-22 M-1297 IIa-9 IIIb-22 M-1298 IIa-10 IIIb-22 M-1299 IIa-11 IIIb-22 M-1300 IIa-1 IIIb-23 M-1301 IIa-2 IIIb-23 M-1302 IIa-3 IIIb-23 M-1303 IIa-4 IIIb-23 M-1304 IIa-5 IIIb-23 M-1305 IIa-6 IIIb-23 M-1306 IIa-7 IIIb-23 M-1307 IIa-8 IIIb-23 M-1308 IIa-9 IIIb-23 M-1309 IIa-10 IIIb-23 M-1310 IIa-11 IIIb-23 M-1311 IIa-1 IIIb-24 M-1312 IIa-2 IIIb-24 M-1313 IIa-3 IIIb-24 M-1314 IIa-4 IIIb-24 M-1315 IIa-5 IIIb-24 M-1316 IIa-6 IIIb-24 M-1317 IIa-7 IIIb-24 M-1318 IIa-8 IIIb-24 M-1319 IIa-9 IIIb-24 M-1320 IIa-10 IIIb-24 M-1321 IIa-11 IIIb-24 M-1322 IIa-1 IIIb-25 M-1323 IIa-2 IIIb-25 M-1324 IIa-3 IIIb-25 M-1325 IIa-4 IIIb-25 M-1326 IIa-5 IIIb-25 M-1327 IIa-6 IIIb-25 M-1328 IIa-7 IIIb-25 M-1329 IIa-8 IIIb-25 M-1330 IIa-9 IIIb-25 M-1331 IIa-10 IIIb-25 M-1332 IIa-11 IIIb-25 M-1333 IIa-1 IIIb-26 M-1334 IIa-2 IIIb-26 M-1335 IIa-3 IIIb-26 M-1336 IIa-4 IIIb-26 M-1337 IIa-5 IIIb-26 M-1338 IIa-6 IIIb-26 M-1339 IIa-7 IIIb-26 M-1340 IIa-8 IIIb-26 M-1341 IIa-9 IIIb-26 M-1342 IIa-10 IIIb-26 M-1343 IIa-11 IIIb-26 M-1344 IIa-1 IIIb-27 M-1345 IIa-2 IIIb-27 M-1346 IIa-3 IIIb-27 M-1347 IIa-4 IIIb-27 M-1348 IIa-5 IIIb-27 M-1349 IIa-6 IIIb-27 M-1350 IIa-7 IIIb-27 M-1351 IIa-8 IIIb-27 M-1352 IIa-9 IIIb-27 M-1353 IIa-10 IIIb-27 M-1354 IIa-11 IIIb-27 M-1355 IIa-1 IIIb-28 M-1356 IIa-2 IIIb-28 M-1357 IIa-3 IIIb-28 M-1358 IIa-4 IIIb-28 M-1359 IIa-5 IIIb-28 M-1360 IIa-6 IIIb-28 M-1361 IIa-7 IIIb-28 M-1362 IIa-8 IIIb-28 M-1363 IIa-9 IIIb-28 M-1364 IIa-10 IIIb-28 M-1365 IIa-11 IIIb-28 M-1366 IIa-1 IIIb-29 M-1367 IIa-2 IIIb-29 M-1368 IIa-3 IIIb-29 M-1369 IIa-4 IIIb-29 M-1370 IIa-5 IIIb-29 M-1371 IIa-6 IIIb-29 M-1372 IIa-7 IIIb-29 M-1373 IIa-8 IIIb-29 M-1374 IIa-9 IIIb-29 M-1375 IIa-10 IIIb-29 M-1376 IIa-11 IIIb-29 M-1377 IIa-1 IIIb-30 M-1378 IIa-2 IIIb-30 M-1379 IIa-3 IIIb-30 M-1380 IIa-4 IIIb-30 M-1381 IIa-5 IIIb-30 M-1382 IIa-6 IIIb-30 M-1383 IIa-7 IIIb-30 M-1384 IIa-8 IIIb-30 M-1385 IIa-9 IIIb-30 M-1386 IIa-10 IIIb-30 M-1387 IIa-11 IIIb-30 M-1388 IIa-1 IIIb-31 M-1389 IIa-2 IIIb-31 M-1390 IIa-3 IIIb-31 M-1391 IIa-4 IIIb-31 M-1392 IIa-5 IIIb-31 M-1393 IIa-6 IIIb-31 M-1394 IIa-7 IIIb-31 M-1395 IIa-8 IIIb-31 M-1396 IIa-9 IIIb-31 M-1397 IIa-10 IIIb-31 M-1398 IIa-11 IIIb-31 M-1399 IIa-1 IIIb-32 M-1400 IIa-2 IIIb-32 M-1401 IIa-3 IIIb-32 M-1402 IIa-4 IIIb-32 M-1403 IIa-5 IIIb-32 M-1404 IIa-6 IIIb-32 M-1405 IIa-7 IIIb-32 M-1406 IIa-8 IIIb-32 M-1407 IIa-9 IIIb-32 M-1408 IIa-10 IIIb-32 M-1409 IIa-11 IIIb-32 M-1410 IIa-1 IIIb-33 M-1411 IIa-2 IIIb-33 M-1412 IIa-3 IIIb-33 M-1413 IIa-4 IIIb-33 M-1414 IIa-5 IIIb-33 M-1415 IIa-6 IIIb-33 M-1416 IIa-7 IIIb-33 M-1417 IIa-8 IIIb-33 M-1418 IIa-9 IIIb-33 M-1419 IIa-10 IIIb-33 M-1420 IIa-11 IIIb-33 M-1421 IIa-1 IIIb-34 M-1422 IIa-2 IIIb-34 M-1423 IIa-3 IIIb-34 M-1424 IIa-4 IIIb-34 M-1425 IIa-5 IIIb-34 M-1426 IIa-6 IIIb-34 M-1427 IIa-7 IIIb-34 M-1428 IIa-8 IIIb-34 M-1429 IIa-9 IIIb-34 M-1430 IIa-10 IIIb-34 M-1431 IIa-11 IIIb-34 M-1432 IIa-1 IIIb-35 M-1433 IIa-2 IIIb-35 M-1434 IIa-3 IIIb-35 M-1435 IIa-4 IIIb-35 M-1436 IIa-5 IIIb-35 M-1437 IIa-6 IIIb-35 M-1438 IIa-7 IIIb-35 M-1439 IIa-8 IIIb-35 M-1440 IIa-9 IIIb-35 M-1441 IIa-10 IIIb-35 M-1442 IIa-11 IIIb-35 M-1443 IIa-1 IIIb-36 M-1444 IIa-2 IIIb-36 M-1445 IIa-3 IIIb-36 M-1446 IIa-4 IIIb-36 M-1447 IIa-5 IIIb-36 M-1448 IIa-6 IIIb-36 M-1449 IIa-7 IIIb-36 M-1450 IIa-8 IIIb-36 M-1451 IIa-9 IIIb-36 M-1452 IIa-10 IIIb-36 M-1453 IIa-11 IIIb-36

For illustration of a ternary mixture according to the present invention and described in table M, the combination of the carboxamide compound of formula I with the biopesticide Pasteuria nishizawae Pn1 (coded as IIa-10) and with chemical pesticide tioxazafen (coded as IIIa-22) is represented in table M by the mixture M-1055.

Agricultural Compositions

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to agricultural compositions comprising a mixture of the invention, in particular any one of the mixtures A-1 to A-14 or B-1 to B-11 or I-M-1 to I-M-1453.

The user applies the composition according to the invention usually from a predosage device, a knapsack sprayer, a spray tank, a spray plane, or an irrigation system. Usually, the agrochemical composition is made up with water, buffer, and/or further auxiliaries to the desired application concentration and the ready-to-use spray liquor or the agrochemical composition according to the invention is thus obtained. Usually, 20 to 2000 liters, preferably 50 to 400 liters, of the ready-to-use spray liquor are applied per hectare of agricultural useful area.

Preferences regarding suitable formulations and auxiliaries, which may be present in such agricultural compositions are defined below.

According to one embodiment, individual components of the composition according to the invention such as parts of a kit or parts of a binary or ternary mixture may be mixed by the user himself in a spray tank or any other kind of vessel used for applications (e. g. seed treater drums, seed pelleting machinery, knapsack sprayer) and further auxiliaries may be added, if appropriate.

When living microorganisms, such as microbial pesticides from groups L1), L3) and L5), form part of such kit, it must be taken care that choice and amounts of the components (e. g. chemical pesticides) and of the further auxiliaries should not influence the viability of the microbial pesticides in the composition mixed by the user. Especially for bactericides and solvents, compatibility with the respective microbial pesticide has to be taken into account.

Consequently, one embodiment of the invention is a kit for preparing a usable pesticidal composition, the kit comprising a) a composition comprising component 1), preferably compound i of formula I as defined herein and at least one auxiliary; and b) a composition comprising component 2) as defined herein and at least one auxiliary; and optionally c) a composition comprising at least one auxiliary and optionally a further active component 3) as defined herein.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to a seed treatment composition comprising an auxiliary and a mixture of the invention, preferably any one of the mixtures A-1 to A-14 or B-1 to B-11 or I-M-1 to I-M-1453, wherein the auxiliary is preferably selected from the group consisting of surfactants, antifreezing agents, binders, and pigments, and is particularly preferably a surfactant or a binder.

In a preferred embodiment, the seed treatment composition is in the form of a flowable concentrate FS, a solution LS, a powder for dry treatment DS, a water dispersible powder for slurry treatment WS, a water-soluble powder SS, an emulsion ES or EC, or a gel formulation, and is preferably in the form of a flowable concentrate.

Further preferences regarding seed treatment compositions of the invention are defined below.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a mixture of the invention, in particular a mixture selected from the mixtures A-1 to A-14 or B-1 to B-11 or I-M-1 to I-M-1453, or a seed treatment composition as defined above, for protecting a plant, plant propagation material, or soil or water, in which the plants are growing, against the attack or infestation by invertebrate pests.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for controlling invertebrate pests, which method comprises contacting the plant or the plant propagation material or the soil;

the pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds, with a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture of the invention, in particular a mixture selected from the mixtures A-1 to A-14 or B-1 to B-11, or a seed treatment composition as defined above.

Preferences regarding plants, pests and application methods are defined below.

In one embodiment, the present invention relates to seeds comprising the mixture of the invention, in particular a mixture selected from the mixtures A-1 to A-14 or B-1 to B-11 or I-M-1 to I-M-1453, or a seed treatment composition as defined above in an amount of from 0.01 g to 10000 g per 100 kg of seeds.

It is noted that the amount per 100 kg seeds is based on the weight of the pesticidal mixture irrespective of whether it is referred to the mixture as such or the seed treatment composition thereof.

Preferred seeds are seeds selected from wheat, maize, barley, oat, rye, rice, soybean, cotton, sugarbeet, rapeseed, and potato.

With regard to all the mixtures of the invention as defined herein, the following embodiments are additionally preferred.

Additional Mixing Partners

The mixtures of the present invention may be combined and applied in agriculture in mixture with other active ingredients, for example with other pesticides, insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate, urea, potash, and superphosphate, phytotoxicants and plant growth regulators.

These additional ingredients may be used sequentially or in combination with the mixtures of the invention, if appropriate also added only immediately prior to use (tank mix). For example, the plant(s) may be sprayed with a mixture of this invention either before or after being treated with other active ingredients.

Formulations

The invention also relates to agrochemical compositions comprising an auxiliary and at least one mixture of the present invention.

An agrochemical composition comprises a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture of the present invention. The term “pesticidally effective amount” is defined below.

The mixtures of the present invention can be converted into customary types of agro-chemical compositions, e. g. solutions, emulsions, suspensions, dusts, powders, pastes, granules, pressings, capsules, and mixtures thereof. Examples for composition types are suspensions (e.g. SC, OD, FS), emulsifiable concentrates (e.g. EC), emulsions (e.g. EW, EO, ES, ME), capsules (e.g. CS, ZC), pastes, pastilles, wettable powders or dusts (e.g. WP, SP, WS, DP, DS), pressings (e.g. BR, TB, DT), granules (e.g. WG, SG, GR, FG, GG, MG), insecticidal articles (e.g. LN), as well as gel formulations for the treatment of plant propagation materials such as seeds (e.g. GF). These and further compositions types are defined in the “Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and international coding system”, Technical Mono-graph No. 2, 6th Ed. May 2008, CropLife International.

The compositions are prepared in a known manner, such as described by Mollet and Grubemann, Formulation technology, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 2001; or Knowles, New developments in crop protection product formulation, Ag row Reports DS243, T&F Informa, London, 2005.

Examples for suitable auxiliaries are solvents, liquid carriers, solid carriers or fillers, surfactants, dispersants, emulsifiers, wetters, adjuvants, solubilizers, penetration enhancers, protective colloids, adhesion agents, thickeners, humectants, repellents, attractants, feeding stimulants, compatibilizers, bactericides, anti-freezing agents, anti-foaming agents, colorants, tackifiers and binders.

Suitable solvents and liquid carriers are water and organic solvents, such as mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point, e.g. kerosene, diesel oil; oils of vegetable or animal origin; aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, e. g. toluene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalenes; alcohols, e.g. ethanol, propanol, butanol, benzylalcohol, cycloihexanol; glycols; DMSO; ketones, e.g. cyclohexanone; esters, e.g. lactates, carbonates, fatty acid esters, gamma-butyrolactone; fatty acids; phosphonates; amines; amides, e.g. N-methylpyrrolidone, fatty acid dimethylamides; and mixtures thereof.

Suitable solid carriers or fillers are mineral earths, e.g. silicates, silica gels, talc, kaolins, limestone, lime, chalk, clays, dolomite, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide; polysaccharide powders, e.g. cellulose, starch; fertilizers, e.g. ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ureas; products of vegetable origin, e.g. cereal meal, tree bark meal, wood meal, nutshell meal, and mixtures thereof.

Suitable surfactants are surface-active compounds, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic and amphoteric surfactants, block polymers, polyelectrolytes, and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants can be used as emusifier, dispersant, solubilizer, wetter, penetration enhancer, protective colloid, or adjuvant. Examples of surfactants are listed in McCutcheon's, Vol.1: Emulsifiers & Detergents, McCutcheon's Directories, Glen Rock, USA, 2008 (International Ed. or North American Ed.).

Suitable anionic surfactants are alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof. Examples of sulfonates are alkylaryl-sulfonates, diphenylsulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, lignine sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of alkoxylated arylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalenes, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecylbenzenes, sulfonates of naphthalenes and alkyl naphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinamates. Examples of sulfates are sulfates of fatty acids and oils, of ethoxylated alkylphenols, of alcohols, of ethoxylated alcohols, or of fatty acid esters. Examples of phosphates are phosphate esters. Examples of carboxylates are alkyl carboxylates, and carboxylated alcohol or alkylphenol ethoxylates.

Suitable nonionic surfactants are alkoxylates, N-subsituted fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters, sugar-based surfactants, polymeric surfactants, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alkoxylates are compounds such as alcohols, alkylphenols, amines, amides, arylphenols, fatty acids or fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated with 1 to 50 equivalents. Ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide may be employed for the alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide. Examples of N-subsititued fatty acid amides are fatty acid glucamides or fatty acid alkanolamides. Examples of esters are fatty acid esters, glycerol esters or monoglycerides. Examples of sugar-based surfactants are sorbitans, ethoxylated sorbitans, sucrose and glucose esters or alkylpolyglucosides. Examples of polymeric surfactants are homo- or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, vinylalcohols, or vinylacetate.

Suitable cationic surfactants are quaternary surfactants, for example quaternary ammonium compounds with one or two hydrophobic groups, or salts of long-chain primary amines. Suitable amphoteric surfactants are alkylbetains and imidazolines. Suitable block polymers are block polymers of the A-B or A-B-A type comprising blocks of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, or of the A-B-C type comprising alkanol, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide. Suitable polyelectrolytes are polyacids or polybases. Examples of polyacids are alkali salts of polyacrylic acid or polyacid comb polymers. Examples of polybases are polyvinylamines or polyethyleneamines.

Suitable adjuvants are compounds, which have a neglectable or even no pesticidal activity themselves, and which improve the biological performance of the mixtures of the present invention on the target. Examples are surfactants, mineral or vegetable oils, and other auxilaries. Further examples are listed by Knowles, Adjuvants and additives, Agrow Reports DS256, T&F Informa UK, 2006, chapter 5.

Suitable thickeners are polysaccharides (e.g. xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose), anorganic clays (organically modified or unmodified), polycarboxylates, and silicates.

Suitable bactericides are bronopol and isothiazolinone derivatives such as alkylisothiazolinones and benzisothiazolinones.

Suitable anti-freezing agents are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, urea and glycerin.

Suitable anti-foaming agents are silicones, long chain alcohols, and salts of fatty acids.

Suitable colorants (e.g. in red, blue, or green) are pigments of low water solubility and water-soluble dyes. Examples are inorganic colorants (e.g. iron oxide, titan oxide, iron hexacyanoferrate) and organic colorants (e.g. alizarin-, azo- and phthalocyanine colorants).

Suitable tackifiers or binders are polyvinylpyrrolidons, polyvinylacetates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, biological or synthetic waxes, and cellulose ethers.

Examples for composition types and their preparation are:

i) Water-soluble concentrates (SL, LS)

10-60 wt % of the mixture according to the invention and 5-15 wt % wetting agent (e.g. alcohol alkoxylates) are dissolved in water and/or in a water-soluble solvent (e.g. alcohols) up to 100 wt %. The active substance dissolves upon dilution with water.

ii) Dispersible concentrates (DC)

5-25 wt % of the mixture according to the invention and 1-10 wt % dispersant (e. g. polyvinylpyrrolidone) are dissolved in up to 100 wt % organic solvent (e.g. cyclohexanone). Dilution with water gives a dispersion.

iii) Emulsifiable concentrates (EC)

15-70 wt % of the mixture according to the invention and 5-10 wt % emulsifiers (e.g. calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in up to 100 wt % water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon). Dilution with water gives an emulsion.

iv) Emulsions (EW, EO, ES)

5-40 wt % of the mixture according to the invention and 1-10 wt % emulsifiers (e.g. calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and castor oil ethoxylate) are dissolved in 20-40 wt % water-insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon). This mixture is introduced into up to 100 wt % water by means of an emulsifying machine and made into a homogeneous emulsion. Dilution with water gives an emulsion.

v) Suspensions (SC, OD, FS)

In an agitated ball mill, 20-60 wt % of the mixture according to the invention are comminuted with addition of 2-10 wt % dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate), 0.1-2 wt % thickener (e.g. xanthan gum) and up to 100 wt % water to give a fine active substance suspension. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active sub-stance. For FS type composition up to 40 wt % binder (e.g. polyvinylalcohol) is added.

vi) Water-dispersible granules and water-soluble granules (WG, SG)

50-80 wt % of the mixture according to the invention are ground finely with addition of up to 100 wt % dispersants and wetting agents (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate and alcohol ethoxylate) and prepared as water-dispersible or water-soluble granules by means of technical appliances (e. g. extrusion, spray tower, fluidized bed). Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance.

vii) Water-dispersible powders and water-soluble powders (WP, SP, WS)

50-80 wt % of the mixture according to the invention are ground in a rotor-stator mill with addition of 1-5 wt % dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-3 wt % wetting agents (e.g. alcohol ethoxylate) and up to 100 wt % solid carrier, e.g. silica gel. Dilution with water gives a stable dispersion or solution of the active substance.

viii) Gel (GW, GF)

In an agitated ball mill, 5-25 wt % of the mixture according to the invention are comminuted with addition of 3-10 wt % dispersants (e.g. sodium lignosulfonate), 1-5 wt % thickener (e.g. carboxymethylcellulose) and up to 100 wt % water to give a fine suspension of the active sub-stance. Dilution with water gives a stable suspension of the active substance.

ix) Microemulsion (ME)

5-20 wt % of the mixture according to the invention are added to 5-30 wt % organic solvent blend (e.g. fatty acid dimethylamide and cyclohexanone), 10-25 wt % surfactant blend (e.g. alkohol ethoxylate and arylphenol ethoxylate), and water up to 100%. This mixture is stirred for 1 h to produce spontaneously a thermodynamically stable microemulsion.

x) Microcapsules (CS)

An oil phase comprising 5-50 wt % of the mixture according to the invention, 0-40 wt % water insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), 2-15 wt % acrylic monomers (e.g. methylmethacrylate, methacrylic acid and a di- or triacrylate) are dispersed into an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). Radical polymerization initiated by a radical initiator results in the formation of poly(meth)acrylate microcapsules. Alternatively, an oil phase comprising 5-50 wt % of the mixture according to the invention, 0-40 wt % water insoluble organic solvent (e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon), and an isocyanate monomer (e.g. diphenylmethene-4,4′-diisocyanatae) are dispersed into an aqueous solution of a protective colloid (e.g. polyvinyl alcohol). The addition of a polyamine (e.g. hexamethylenediamine) results in the formation of a polyurea microcapsule. The monomers amount to 1-10 wt %. The wt % relate to the total CS composition.

xi) Dustable powders (DP, DS)

1-10 wt % of a the mixture according to the invention are ground finely and mixed intimately with up to 100 wt % solid carrier, e.g. finely divided kaolin.

xii) Granules (GR, FG)

0.5-30 wt % of the mixture according to the invention is ground finely and associated with up to 100 wt % solid carrier (e.g. silicate). Granulation is achieved by extrusion, spray-drying or the fluidized bed.

xiii) Ultra-low volume liquids (UL)

1-50 wt % of the mixture according to the invention are dissolved in up to 100 wt % organic solvent, e.g. aromatic hydrocarbon.

The compositions types i) to xi) may optionally comprise further auxiliaries, such as 0.1-1 wt % bactericides, 5-15 wt % anti-freezing agents, 0.1-1 wt % anti-foaming agents, and 0.1-1 wt % colorants.

The agrochemical compositions generally comprise between 0.01 and 95%, preferably be-tween 0.1 and 90%, and most preferably between 0.5 and 75%, by weight of active substance. The active substances are employed in a purity of from 90% to 100%, preferably from 95% to 100% (according to NMR spectrum).

Various types of oils, wetters, adjuvants, fertilizer, or micronutrients, and other pesticides (e.g. herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, growth regulators, safeners) may be added to the active substances or the compositions comprising them as premix or, if appropriate not until immediately prior to use (tank mix). These agents can be admixed with the compositions according to the invention in a weight ratio of 1:100 to 100:1, preferably 1:10 to 10:1.

The user applies the composition according to the invention usually from a predosage de-vice, a knapsack sprayer, a spray tank, a spray plane, or an irrigation system. Usually, the agrochemical composition is made up with water, buffer, and/or further auxiliaries to the desired application concentration and the ready-to-use spray liquor or the agrochemical composition according to the invention is thus obtained. Usually, 20 to 2000 liters, preferably 50 to 400 liters, of the ready-to-use spray liquor are applied per hectare of agricultural useful area.

According to one embodiment, individual components of the composition according to the invention such as parts of a kit or parts of a binary or ternary mixture may be mixed by the user himself in a spray tank and further auxiliaries may be added, if appropriate.

In a further embodiment, either individual components of the composition according to the invention or partially premixed components, e.g. components comprising mixtures of the present invention, may be mixed by the user in a spray tank and further auxiliaries and additives may be added, if appropriate.

In a further embodiment, either individual components of the composition according to the invention or partially premixed components, e. g. components comprising mixtures of the present invention, can be applied jointly (e.g. after tank mix) or consecutively.

Application Methods

The mixtures of the present invention are suitable for use in protecting crops, plants, plant propagation materials, such as seeds, or soil or water, in which the plants are growing, from attack or infestation by animal pests. Therefore, the present invention also relates to a plant protection method, which comprises contacting crops, plants, plant propagation materials, such as seeds, or soil or water, in which the plants are growing, to be protected from attack or infestation by animal pests, with a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture of the present invention.

The mixtures of the present invention are also suitable for use in combating or controlling animal pests. Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method of combating or controlling animal pests, which comprises contacting the animal pests, their habitat, breeding ground, or food supply, or the crops, plants, plant propagation materials, such as seeds, or soil, or the area, material or environment in which the animal pests are growing or may grow, with a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture of the present invention.

The mixtures of the present invention are effective through both contact and ingestion. Furthermore, the mixtures of the present invention can be applied to any and all developmental stages, such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

The mixtures of the present invention can be applied as such or in form of compositions comprising them as defined above. Furthermore, the mixtures of the present invention can be applied together with a mixing partner as defined above or in form of compositions comprising said mixtures as defined above. The components of said mixture can be applied simultaneously, jointly or separately, or in succession, that is immediately one after another and thereby creating the mixture “in situ” on the desired location, e.g. the plant, the sequence, in the case of separate application, generally not having any effect on the result of the control measures.

The application can be carried out both before and after the infestation of the crops, plants, plant propagation materials, such as seeds, soil, or the area, material or environment by the pests.

Suitable application methods include inter alia soil treatment, seed treatment, in furrow application, and foliar application. Soil treatment methods include drenching the soil, drip irrigation (drip application onto the soil), dipping roots, tubers or bulbs, or soil injection. Seed treatment techniques include seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking, and seed pelleting. In furrow applications typically include the steps of making a furrow in cultivated land, seeding the furrow with seeds, applying the pesticidally active mixture to the furrow, and closing the furrow. Foliar application refers to the application of the pesticidally active mixture to plant foliage, e.g. through spray equipment. For foliar applications, it can be advantageous to modify the behavior of the pests by use of pheromones in combination with the mixtures of the present invention. Suitable pheromones for specific crops and pests are known to a skilled person and publicly available from databases of pheromones and semiochemicals, such as www.pherobase.com.

As used herein, the term “contacting” includes both direct contact (applying the mixtures/compositions directly on the animal pest or plant—typically to the foliage, stem or roots of the plant) and indirect contact (applying the mixtures/compositions to the locus, i.e. habitat, breeding ground, plant, seed, soil, area, material or environment in which a pest is growing or may grow, of the animal pest or plant).

The term “animal pest” includes arthropods, gastropods, and nematodes. Preferred animal pests according to the invention are arthropods, preferably insects and arachnids, in particular insects. Insects, which are of particular relevance for crops, are typically referred to as crop insect pests.

The term “crop” refers to both, growing and harvested crops.

The term “plant” includes cereals, e.g. durum and other wheat, rye, barley, triticale, oats, rice, or maize (fodder maize and sugar maize/sweet and field corn); beet, e.g. sugar beet or fodder beet; fruits, such as pomes, stone fruits or soft fruits, e.g. apples, pears, plums, peaches, nectarines, almonds, cherries, papayas, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries or gooseberries; leguminous plants, such as beans, lentils, peas, alfalfa or soybeans; oil plants, such as rapeseed (oilseed rape), turnip rape, mustard, olives, sunflowers, coconut, cocoa beans, castor oil plants, oil palms, ground nuts or soybeans; cucurbits, such as squashes, pumpkins, cucumber or melons; fiber plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruit, such as oranges, lemons, grapefruits or mandarins; vegetables, such as eggplant, spinach, lettuce (e.g. iceberg lettuce), chicory, cabbage, asparagus, cabbages, carrots, onions, garlic, leeks, tomatoes, potatoes, cucurbits or sweet peppers; lauraceous plants, such as avocados, cinnamon or camphor; energy and raw material plants, such as corn, soybean, rapeseed, sugar cane or oil palm; tobacco; nuts, e.g. walnuts; pistachios; coffee; tea; bananas; vines (table grapes and grape juice grape vines); hop; sweet leaf (also called Stevia); natural rubber plants or ornamental and forestry plants, such as flowers (e.g. carnation, petunias, geranium/pelargoniums, pansies and impatiens), shrubs, broad-leaved trees (e.g. poplar) or evergreens, e.g. conifers; eucalyptus; turf; lawn; grass such as grass for animal feed or ornamental uses. Preferred plants include potatoes sugar beets, tobacco, wheat, rye, barley, oats, rice, corn, cotton, soybeans, rapeseed, legumes, sunflowers, coffee or sugar cane; fruits; vines; ornamentals; or vegetables, such as cucumbers, tomatoes, beans or squashes.

The term “plant” is to be understood as including wild type plants and plants, which have been modified by either conventional breeding, or mutagenesis or genetic engineering, or by a combination thereof.

Plants, which have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering, and are of particular commercial importance, include alfalfa, rapeseed (e.g. oilseed rape), bean, carnation, chicory, cotton, eggplant, eucalyptus, flax, lentil, maize, melon, papaya, petunia, plum, poplar, potato, rice, soybean, squash, sugar beet, sugarcane, sunflower, sweet pepper, tobacco, tomato, and cereals (e.g. wheat), in particular maize, soybean, cotton, wheat, and rice. In plants, which have been modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering, one or more genes have been mutagenized or integrated into the genetic material of the plant. The one or more mutagenized or integrated genes are preferably selected from pat, epsps, cry1Ab, bar, cry1Fa2, cry1Ac, cry34Ab1, cry35AB1, cry3A, cryF, cry1F, mcry3a, cry2Ab2, cry3Bb1, cry1A.105, dfr, barnase, vip3Aa20, barstar, als, bxn, bp40, asn1, and ppo5. The mutagenesis or integration of the one or more genes is performed in order to improve certain properties of the plant. Such properties, also known as traits, include abiotic stress tolerance, altered growth/yield, disease resistance, herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, modified product quality, and pollination control. Of these properties, herbicide tolerance, e.g. imidazolinone tolerance, glyphosate tolerance, or glufosinate tolerance, is of particular importance. Several plants have been rendered tolerant to herbicides by mutagenesis, for example Clearfield® oilseed rape being tolerant to imidazolinones, e.g. imazamox. Alternatively, genetic engineering methods have been used to render plants, such as soybean, cotton, corn, beets and oil seed rape, tolerant to herbicides, such as glyphosate and glufosinate, some of which are commercially available under the trade names RoundupReady® (glyphosate) and LibertyLink® (glufosinate). Furthermore, insect resistance is of importance, in particular lepidopteran insect resistance and coleopteran insect resistance. Insect resistance is typically achieved by modifying plants by integrating cry and/or vip genes, which were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), and code for the respective Bt toxins. Genetically modified plants with insect resistance are commercially available under trade names including WideStrike®, Bollgard®, Agrisure®, Herculex®, YieldGard®, Genuity®, and Intacta®. Plants may be modified by mutagenesis or genetic engineering either in terms of one property (singular traits) or in terms of a combination of properties (stacked traits). Stacked traits, e.g. the combination of herbicide tolerance and insect resistance, are of increasing importance. In general, all relevant modified plants in connection with singular or stacked traits as well as detailed information as to the mutagenized or integrated genes and the respective events are available from websites of the organizations “International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA)” (www.isaaa.org/gmapprovaldatabase) and “Center for Environmental Risk Assessment (CERA)” (cera-gmc.org/GMCropDatabase).

The term “plant propagation material” refers to all the generative parts of the plant such as seeds and vegetative plant material such as cuttings and tubers (e.g. potatoes), which can be used for the multiplication of the plant. This includes seeds, roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, shoots, sprouts and other parts of plants. Seedlings and young plants, which are to be transplanted after germination or after emergence from soil, may also be included. These plant propagation materials may be treated prophylactically with a plant protection mixture either at or before planting or transplanting.

The term “seed” embraces seeds and plant propagules of all kinds including but not limited to true seeds, seed pieces, suckers, corms, bulbs, fruit, tubers, grains, cuttings, cut shoots and the like, and means in a preferred embodiment true seeds.

In general, “pesticidally effective amount” means the amount of active ingredient needed to achieve an observable effect on growth, including the effects of necrosis, death, retardation, prevention, and removal, destruction, or otherwise diminishing the occurrence and activity of the target organism. The pesticidally effective amount can vary for the various mixtures/compositions used in the invention. A pesticidally effective amount of the compositions will also vary according to the prevailing conditions such as desired pesticidal effect and duration, weather, target species, locus, mode of application, and the like.

In the case of soil treatment, in furrow application or of application to the pests dwelling place or nest, the quantity of active ingredient ranges from 0.0001 to 500 g per 100 m², preferably from 0.001 to 20 g per 100 m².

For use in treating crop plants, e.g. by foliar application, the rate of application of the active ingredients of this invention may be in the range of 0.0001 g to 4000 g per hectare, e.g. from 1 g to 2 kg per hectare or from 1 g to 750 g per hectare, desirably from 1 g to 100 g per hectare, more desirably from 10 g to 50 g per hectare, e.g., 10 to 20 g per hectare, 20 to 30 g per hectare, 30 to 40 g per hectare, or 40 to 50 g per hectare.

The mixtures of the present invention are particularly suitable for use in the treatment of seeds in order to protect the seeds from insect pests, in particular from soil-living insect pests, and the resulting seedling's roots and shoots against soil pests and foliar insects. The present invention therefore also relates to a method for the protection of seeds from insects, in particular from soil insects, and of the seedling's roots and shoots from insects, in particular from soil and foliar insects, said method comprising treating the seeds before sowing and/or after pregermination with a mixture of the present invention. The protection of the seedling's roots and shoots is preferred. More preferred is the protection of seedling's shoots from piercing and sucking insects, chewing insects and nematodes.

The term “seed treatment” comprises all suitable seed treatment techniques known in the art, such as seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking, seed pelleting, and in-furrow application methods. Preferably, the seed treatment application of the active mixture is carried out by spraying or by dusting the seeds before sowing of the plants and before emergence of the plants. The present invention also comprises seeds coated with or containing the active mixture. The term “coated with and/or containing” generally signifies that the active ingredient is for the most part on the surface of the propagation product at the time of application, although a greater or lesser part of the ingredient may penetrate into the propagation product, depending on the method of application. When the said propagation product is (re)planted, it may absorb the active ingredient.

Suitable seed is for example seed of cereals, root crops, oil crops, vegetables, spices, ornamentals, for example seed of durum and other wheat, barley, oats, rye, maize (fodder maize and sugar maize/sweet and field corn), soybeans, oil crops, crucifers, cotton, sunflowers, bananas, rice, oilseed rape, turnip rape, sugarbeet, fodder beet, eggplants, potatoes, grass, lawn, turf, fodder grass, tomatoes, leeks, pumpkin/squash, cabbage, iceberg lettuce, pepper, cucumbers, melons, Brassica species, melons, beans, peas, garlic, onions, carrots, tuberous plants such as potatoes, sugar cane, tobacco, grapes, petunias, geranium/pelargoniums, pansies and impatiens.

In addition, the active mixture may also be used for the treatment of seeds from plants, which have been modified by mutagenisis or genetic engineering, and which e.g. tolerate the action of herbicides or fungicides or insecticides. Such modified plants have been described in detail above.

Conventional seed treatment formulations include for example flowable concentrates FS, solutions LS, suspoemulsions (SE), powders for dry treatment DS, water dispersible powders for slurry treatment WS, water-soluble powders SS and emulsion ES and EC and gel formulation GF. These formulations can be applied to the seed diluted or undiluted. Application to the seeds is carried out before sowing, either directly on the seeds or after having pregerminated the latter. Preferably, the formulations are applied such that germination is not included.

The active substance concentrations in ready-to-use formulations, which may be obtained after two-to-tenfold dilution, are preferably from 0.01 to 60% by weight, more preferably from 0.1 to 40% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment a FS formulation is used for seed treatment. Typically, a FS formulation may comprise 1-800 g/l of active ingredient, 1-200 g/l Surfactant, 0 to 200 g/l antifreezing agent, 0 to 400 g/l of binder, 0 to 200 g/l of a pigment and up to 1 liter of a solvent, preferably water.

Especially preferred FS formulations of the mixtures of the present invention for seed treatment usually comprise from 0.1 to 80% by weight (1 to 800 g/l) of the active ingredient, from 0.1 to 20% by weight (1 to 200 g/l) of at least one surfactant, e.g. 0.05 to 5% by weight of a wetter and from 0.5 to 15% by weight of a dispersing agent, up to 20% by weight, e.g. from 5 to 20% of an anti-freeze agent, from 0 to 15% by weight, e.g. 1 to 15% by weight of a pigment and/or a dye, from 0 to 40% by weight, e.g. 1 to 40% by weight of a binder (sticker/adhesion agent), optionally up to 5% by weight, e.g. from 0.1 to 5% by weight of a thickener, optionally from 0.1 to 2% of an anti-foam agent, and optionally a preservative such as a biocide, antioxidant or the like, e.g. in an amount from 0.01 to 1% by weight and a filler/vehicle up to 100% by weight.

In the treatment of seed, the application rates of the mixtures of the invention are generally from 0.1 g to 10 kg per 100 kg of seed, preferably from 1 g to 5 kg per 100 kg of seed, more preferably from 1 g to 1000 g per 100 kg of seed and in particular from 1 g to 200 g per 100 kg of seed, e.g. from 1 g to 100 g or from 5 g to 100 g per 100 kg of seed.

The invention therefore also relates to seed comprising a mixture of the present invention, or an agriculturally useful salt thereof, as defined herein. The amount of the mixture of the present invention or the agriculturally useful salt thereof will in general vary from 0.1 g to 10 kg per 100 kg of seed, preferably from 1 g to 5 kg per 100 kg of seed, in particular from 1 g to 1000 g per 100 kg of seed. For specific crops such as lettuce the rate can be higher.

The mixtures of the present invention may also be used for improving the health of a plant. Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for improving plant health by treating a plant, plant propagation material and/or the locus where the plant is growing or is to grow with an effective and non-phytotoxic amount of a mixture of the present invention.

As used herein “an effective and non-phytotoxic amount” means that the mixture is used in a quantity which allows to obtain the desired effect but which does not give rise to any phytotoxic symptom on the treated plant or on the plant grown from the treated propagule or treated soil.

The terms “plant” and “plant propagation material” are defined above.

“Plant health” is defined as a condition of the plant and/or its products which is determined by several aspects alone or in combination with each other such as yield (for example increased biomass and/or increased content of valuable ingredients), quality (for example improved content or composition of certain ingredients or shelf life), plant vigour (for example improved plant growth and/or greener leaves (“greening effect”), tolerance to abiotic (for example drought) and/or biotic stress (for example disease) and production efficiency (for example, harvesting efficiency, processability).

The above identified indicators for the health condition of a plant may be interdependent and may result from each other. Each indicator is defined in the art and can be determined by methods known to a skilled person.

The mixtures of the invention are also suitable for use against non-crop insect pests. For use against said non-crop pests, mixtures of the present invention can be used as bait composition, gel, general insect spray, aerosol, as ultra-low volume application and bed net (impregnated or surface applied). Furthermore, drenching and rodding methods can be used.

As used herein, the term “non-crop insect pest” refers to pests, which are particularly relevant for non-crop targets, such as ants, termites, wasps, flies, ticks, mosquitos, crickets, or cockroaches.

The bait can be a liquid, a solid or a semisolid preparation (e.g. a gel). The bait employed in the composition is a product, which is sufficiently attractive to incite insects such as ants, termites, wasps, flies, mosquitos, crickets etc. or cockroaches to eat it. The attractiveness can be manipulated by using feeding stimulants or sex pheromones. Food stimulants are chosen, for example, but not exclusively, from animal and/or plant proteins (meat-, fish- or blood meal, insect parts, egg yolk), from fats and oils of animal and/or plant origin, or mono-, oligo- or polyorganosaccharides, especially from sucrose, lactose, fructose, dextrose, glucose, starch, pectin or even molasses or honey. Fresh or decaying parts of fruits, crops, plants, animals, insects or specific parts thereof can also serve as a feeding stimulant. Sex pheromones are known to be more insect specific. Specific pheromones are described in the literature (e.g. www.pherobase.com), and are known to those skilled in the art.

For use in bait compositions, the typical content of active ingredient is from 0.001 weight % to 15 weight %, desirably from 0.001 weight % to 5% weight % of active mixture.

Formulations of the mixtures of the present invention as aerosols (e.g in spray cans), oil sprays or pump sprays are highly suitable for the non-professional user for controlling pests such as flies, fleas, ticks, mosquitos or cockroaches. Aerosol recipes are preferably composed of the active mixture, solvents, furthermore auxiliaries such as emulsifiers, perfume oils, if appropriate stabilizers, and, if required, propellants.

The oil spray formulations differ from the aerosol recipes in that no propellants are used.

For use in spray compositions, the content of active ingredient is from 0.001 to 80 weights %, preferably from 0.01 to 50 weight % and most preferably from 0.01 to 15 weight %.

The mixtures of the present invention and its respective compositions can also be used in mosquito and fumigating coils, smoke cartridges, vaporizer plates or long-term vaporizers and also in moth papers, moth pads or other heat-independent vaporizer systems.

Methods to control infectious diseases transmitted by insects (e.g. malaria, dengue and yellow fever, lymphatic filariasis, and leishmaniasis) with mixtures of the present invention and its respective compositions also comprise treating surfaces of huts and houses, air spraying and impregnation of curtains, tents, clothing items, bed nets, tsetse-fly trap or the like. Insecticidal compositions for application to fibers, fabric, knitgoods, nonwovens, netting material or foils and tarpaulins preferably comprise a mixture including the insecticide, optionally a repellent and at least one binder.

The mixtures of the present invention and its compositions can be used for protecting wooden materials such as trees, board fences, sleepers, frames, artistic artifacts, etc. and buildings, but also construction materials, furniture, leathers, fibers, vinyl articles, electric wires and cables etc. from ants and/or termites, and for controlling ants and termites from doing harm to crops or human being (e.g. when the pests invade into houses and public facilities).

Customary application rates in the protection of materials are, for example, from 0.001 g to 2000 g or from 0.01 g to 1000 g of active mixture per m² treated material, desirably from 0.1 g to 50 g per m².

Insecticidal compositions for use in the impregnation of materials typically contain from 0.001 to 95 weight %, preferably from 0.1 to 45 weight %, and more preferably from 1 to 25 weight % of at least one repellent and/or insecticide.

Pests

The mixtures of the present invention are especially suitable for efficiently combating animal pests such as arthropods, gastropods and nematodes including but not limited to:

insects from the order of Lepidoptera, for example Achroia grisella, Acleris spp. such as A. fimbriana, A. gloverana, A. variana; Acrolepiopsis assectella, Acronicta major, Adoxophyes spp. such as A. cyrtosema, A. orana; Aedia leucomelas, Agrotis spp. such as A. exclamationis, A. fucosa, A. Ipsilon, A. orthogoma, A. segetum, A. subterranea; Alabama argillacea, Aleurodicus dispersus, Alsophila pometaria, Ampelophaga rubiginosa, Amyelois transitella, Anacampsis sarcitella, Anagasta kuehniella, Anarsia Anisota senatoria, Antheraea pernyi, Anticarsia (=Thermesia) spp. such as A. gemmatalis; Apamea spp., Aproaerema modicella, Archips spp. such as A. argyrospila, A. fuscocupreanus, A. rosana, A. xyloseanus; Argyresthia conjugella, Argyroploce spp., Argyrotaenia spp. such as A. velutinana; Athetis mindara, Austroasca viridigrisea, Autographa gamma, Autographa nigrisigna, Barathra brassicae, Bedellia spp., Bonagota salubricola, Borbo cinnara, Bucculatrix thurberiella, Bupalus piniarius, Busseola spp., Cacoecia spp. such as C. murinana, C. podana; Cactoblastis cactorum, Cadra cautella, Calingo braziliensis, Caloptilis theivora, Capua reticulana, Carposina spp. such as C. niponensis, C. sasakii; Cephus spp., Chaetocnema aridula, Cheimatobia brumata, Chilo spp. such as C. lndicus, C. suppressalis, C. partellus; Choreutis pariana, Choristoneura spp. such as C. conflictana, C. fumiferana, C. longicellana, C. murinana, C. occidentalis, C. rosaceana; Chrysodebds (=Pseudoplusia) spp. such as C. eriosoma, C. includens; Cirphis unipuncta, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocerus spp., Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Cnephasia spp., Cochylis hospes, Coleophora spp., Collas eurytheme, Conopomorpha spp., Conotrachelus spp., Copitarsia spp., Corcyra cephalonica, Crambus caliginosellus, Crambus teterrellus, Crocidosema (=Epinotia) aporema, Cydalima (=Diaphania) perspectalis, Cydia (=Carpocapsa) spp. such as C. pomonella, C. latiferreana; Dalaca noctuides, Datana integerrima, Dasychira pinlcola, Dendrolimus spp. such as D. pini, D. spectabilis, D. sibiricus; Desmia funeralis, Diaphania spp. such as D. nitidalis, D. hyalinata; Diatraea grandiosella, Diatraea saccharalis, Diphthera festiva, Earias spp. such as E insulana, E. vittella; Ecdytolopha aurantianu, Egira (=Xylomyges) curilis, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldana saccharina, Endopiza viteana, Ennomos subsignaria, Eoreuma Ephestia spp. such as E. cautella, E. elutella, E. kuehniella; Epinotia aporema, Epiphyas postvittana, Erannis tiliaria, Erionota thrax, Etiella spp., Eulia spp., Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis chrysorrhoea, Euxoa spp., Evetria bouliana, Faronta alblllnea, Feltia spp. such as F. subterranean; Galleria mellonella, Gracillaria spp., Grapholita spp. such as G. funebrana, G. molesta, G. inopinata; Halysidota spp., Harrisina americana, Hedylepta spp., Helicoverpa spp. such as H. armigera (=Heliothis armigera), H. zea (=Heliothis zea); Heliothis spp. such as H. assulta, H. subflexa, H. virescens; Hellula spp. such as H. undalis, H. rogatalis; Helocoverpa gelotopoeon, Hemileuca ollvlae, Herpetogramma licarsisalis, Hibernia defoliaria, Hofmannophila pseudospretella, Homoeosoma electellum, Homona magnanima, Hypena scabra, Hyphantria cunea, Hyponomeuta padella, Hyponomeuta malinellus, Kakivoria flavofasciata, Keiferia lycopersicella, Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria, Lambdina fiscellaria lugubrosa, Lamprosema indicata, Laspeyresia molesta, Leguminivora glycinivorella, Lerodea eufala, Leucinodes orbonalis, Leucoma sallcls Leucoptera spp. such as L. coffeella, L. scitella; Leuminivora lycinivorella, Lithocolletis blancardella, Lithophane antennata, Llattia octo (=Amyna axis), Lobesia botrana, Lophocampa spp., Loxagrotis albicosta, Loxostege spp. such as L. sticticalis, L. cereralis; Lymantria spp. such as L. dispar, L. monacha; Lyonetia clerkella, Lyonetia prunifoliella, Malacosoma spp. such as M. americanum, M. califomicum, M. constrictum, M. neustria; Mamestra spp. such as M. brassicae, M. configurata; Mamstra brassicae, Manduca spp. such as M. quinquemaculata, M. sexta; Marasmia spp, Marmara spp., Maruca testulalis, Megalopyge lanata, Melanchra picta, Melanitis leda, Mocis spp. such as M. lapites, M. repanda; Mocis latipes, Monochroa fragariae, Mythimna separata, Nemapogon cloacella, Neoleucinodes elegantalis, Nepytia spp., Nymphula spp., Oiketicus spp., Omiodes indicata, Omphisa anastomosalis, Operophtera brumata, Orgyia pseudotsugata, Oria spp., Orthaga thyrisalis, Ostrinia spp. such as O. nubilalis; Oulema oryzae, Paleacrita vernata, Panolis flammea, Parnara spp., Papaipema nebris, Papilio cresphontes, Paramyelois transitella, Paranthrene regalis, Paysandisia archon, Pectinophora spp. such as P. gossypiella; Peridroma saucia, Perileucoptera spp., such as P. coffeella; Phalera bucephala, Phryganidia califomica, Phthorimaea spp. such as P. operculella; Phyllocnistis citrella, Phyllonorycter spp. such as P. blancardella, P. crataegella, P. issikii, P. ringoniella; Pieris spp. such as P. brassicae, P. rapae, P. napi; Pilocrocis tripunctata, Plathypena scabra, Plaiynota spp. such as P. flavedana, P. idaeusalis, P. stultana; Platyptilia carduidactyla, Plebejus argus, Plodia interpunctella, Plusia spp, Plutella maculipennis, Plutella xylostella, Pontia protodica, Prays spp., Prodenia spp., Proxenus lepigone, Pseudaletia spp. such as P. sequax, P. unipuncta; Pyrausta nubilalis, Rachiplusia nu, Richia albicosta, Rhizobius ventralis, Rhyacionia frustrana, Sabulodes aegrotata, Schizura concinna, Schoenobius spp., Schreckensteinia festaliella, Scirpophaga spp. such as S. incertulas, S. innotata; Scotia segetum, Sesamia spp. such as S. inferens, Seudyra subflava, Sitotroga cerealella, Sparganothis pilleriana, Spilonota lechriaspis, S. ocellana, Spodoptera (=Lamphygma) spp. such as S. eridania, S. exigua, S. frugiperda, S. latisfascia, S. littoralis, S. litura, S. omithogalk Stigmella spp., Stomopteryx subsecivella, Strymon bazochii, Sylepta derogata, Synanthedon spp. such as S. exitiosa, Tecia solanivora, Telehin llcus, Thaumatopoea pityocampa, Thaumatotibia (=Cryptophlebia) leucotreta, Thaumetopoea pityocampa, Thecla spp., Theresimima ampelophaga, Thyrinteina spp, Tildenia inconspicuella, Tinea spp. such as T. cloacella, T. pellionella; Tineola bisselliella, Tortrix spp. such as T. viridana; Trichophaga tapetzella, Trichoplusia spp. such as T. ni; Tuta (=Scrobipalpula) absoluta, Udea spp. such as U. rubigalis, U. rubigalis; Virachola spp., Yponomeuta padella, and Zeiraphera canadensis;

insects from the order of Coleoptera, for example Acalymma vittatum, Acanthoscehdes obtectus, Adoretus spp., Agelastica alni, Agrilus spp. such as A. anxius, A. planipennis, A. sinuatus; Agriotes spp. such as A. fuscicollis, A. lineatus, A. obscurus; Alphitobius diaperinus, Amphimallus solstitialis, Anisandrus dispar, Anisoplia austriaca, Anobium punctatum, Anomala corpulenta, Anomala rufocuprea, Anoplophora spp. such as A. glabnpennis; Anthonomus spp. such as A. eugenir, A. grandis, A. pomorum; Anthrenus spp., Aphthona euphoridae, Apion spp., Apogonia spp., Athous haemorrhoidalis, Atomaria spp. such as A. linearis; Attagenus spp., Aulacophora femoralis, Blastophagus piniperda, Blitophaga undata, Bruchidius obtectus, Bruchus spp. such as B. lentis, B. pisorum, B. rufimanus; Byctiscus betulae, Callidiellum rufipenne, Callopistria floridensis, Callosobruchus chinensis, Cameraria ohridella, Cassida nebulosa, Cerotoma trifurcata, Cetonia aurata, Ceuthorhynchus spp. such as C. assimilis, C. napi; Chaetocnema tibialis, Cleonus mendicus, Conoderus spp. such as C. vespertinus; Conotrachelus nenuphar, Cosmopolites spp., Costelytra zealandica, Crioceris asparagi, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Cryptorhynchus lapathi, Ctenicera spp. such as C. destructor; Curculio spp., Cylindrocopturus spp., Cyclocephala spp., Dactylispa balyi, Dectes texanus, Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp. such as D. undecimpunctata, D. speciosa, D. longicomis, D. semipunctata, D. virgifera; Diaprepes abbreviates, Dichocrocis spp., Dicladispa armigera, Diloboderus abderus, Diocalandra frumenti (Diocalandra stigmaticollis), Enaphalodes rufulus, Epilachna spp. such as E. varivestis, E. vigintioctomaculata; Epitrixspp. such as E. hirtipennis, E. similaris; Eutheola humilis, Eutinobothrus brasiliensis, Faustinus cubae, Gibbium psylloides, Gnathocerus cornutus, Hellula undalis, Heteronychus arator, Hylamorpha elegans, Hylobius abietis, Hylotrupes bajulus, Hypera spp. such as H. brunneipennis, H. postica; Hypomeces squamosus, Hypothenemus spp., Ips typographus, Lachnosterna consanguinea, Lasioderma serricorne, Latheticus oryzae, Lathridius spp., Lema spp. such as L. bilineata, L. melanopus; Leptinotarsa spp. such as L. decemlineata; Leptispa pygmaea, Limonius califomicus, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Lixus spp., Luperodes spp., Lyctus spp. such as L. bruneus; Liogenys fuscus, Macrodactylus spp. such as M. subspinosus; Maladera matrida, Megaplatypus mutates, Megascelis spp., Melanotus communis, Meligethes spp. such as M. aeneus; Melolontha spp. such as M. hippocastani, M. melolontha; Metamasius hemipterus, Microtheca spp., Migdolus spp. such as M. fryanus, Monochamus spp. such as M. altematus; Naupactus xanthographus, Niptus hololeucus, Oberia brevis, Oemona hirta, Oryctes rhinoceros, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Oryzaphagus oryzae, Otiorrhynchus sulcatus, Otiorrhynchus ovatus, Otiorrhynchus sulcatus, Oulema melanopus, Oulema oryzae, Oxycetonia jucunda, Phaedon spp. such as P. brassicae, P. cochleariae; Phoracantha recurva, Phyllobius pyri, Phyllopertha horticola, Phyllophaga spp. such as P. helleri, Phyllotreta spp. such as P. chrysocephala, P. nemorum, P. striolata, P. vittula; Phyllopertha horticola, Popillia japonica, Premnotrypes spp., Psacothea hilaris, Psylliodes chrysocephala, Prostephanus truncates, Psylliodes spp., Ptinus spp., Pulga saltona, Rhizopertha dominica, Rhynchophorus spp. such as R. billineatus, R. ferrugineus, R. palmarum, R. phoenicis, R. vulneratus; Saperda candida, Scolytus schevyrewi, Scyphophorus acupunctatus, Sitona lineatus, Sitophilus spp. such as S. granaria, S. oryzae, S. zeamais; Sphenophorus spp. such as S. levis; Stegobium paniceum, Sternechus spp. such as S. subsignatus; Strophomorphus ctenotus, Symphyletes spp., Tanymecus spp., Tenebrio molitor, Tenebrioides mauretanicus, Tribolium spp. such as T. castaneum; Trogoderma spp., Tychius spp., Xylotrechus spp. such as X. pyrrhoderus; and, Zabrus spp. such as Z. tenebrioides;

insects from the order of Diptera for example Aedes spp. such as A. aegypti, A. albopictus, A. vexans; Anastrepha ludens, Anopheles spp. such as A. albimanus, A. crucians, A. freeborni, A. gambiae, A. leucosphyrus, A. maculipennis, A. minimus, A. quadrimaculatus, A. sinensis; Bactrocera invadens, Bibio hortulanus, Calliphora erythrocephala, Calliphora vscsna, Ceratitis capitata, Chrysomyia spp. such as C. bezziana, C. hominivorax, C. macellaria; Chrysops atlanticus, Chrysops discalis, Chrysops silacea, Cochliomyia spp. such as C. hominivorax; Contarinia spp. such as C. sorghicola; Cordylobia anthropophaga, Culex spp. such as C. nigripalpus, C. pipiens, C. quinquefasciatus, C. tarsalis, C. tritaeniorhynchus; Culicoides furens, Culiseta inomata, Culiseta melanura, Cuterebra spp., Dacus cucurbitae, Dacus oleae, Dasineura brassicae, Dasineura oxycoccana, Delia spp. such as D. antique, D. coarctata, D. platura, D. radicum; Dermatobia hominis, Drosophila spp. such as D. suzukii, Fannia spp. such as F. canicularis; Gastraphilus spp. such as G. intestinalis; Geomyza tipunctata, Glossina spp. such as G. fuscipes, G. morsitans, G. palpalis, G. tachinoides; Haematobia irritans, Haplodiplosis equestris, Hippelates spp., Hylemyia spp. such as H. platura; Hypoderma spp. such as H. lineata; Hyppobosca spp., Hydrellia philippina, Leptoconops torrens, Liriomyza spp. such as L. sativae, L. trifolii, Lucilia spp. such as L. caprina, L. cuprina, L. sericata; Lycoria pectoralis, Mansonia titillanus, Mayetiola spp. such as M. destructor; Musca spp. such as M. autumnalis, M. domestica; Muscina stabulans, Oestrus spp. such as O. ovis; Opomyza forum, Oscinella spp. such as O. frit; Orseolia oryzae, Pegomya hysocyami, Phlebotomus argentipes, Phorbia spp. such as P. antiqua, P. brassicae, P. coarctata; Phytomyza gymnostoma, Prosimulium mixtum, Psila rosae, Psorophora columbiae, Psorophora discolor, Rhagoletis spp. such as R. cerasi, R. cingulate, R. indifferens, R. mendax, R. pomonella; Rivellia quadrifasciata, Sarcophaga spp. such as S. haemorrhoidalis; Simulium vittatum, Sitodiplosis mosellana, Stomoxys spp. such as S. calcitrans; Tabanus spp. such as T. atratus, T. bovinus, T. lineola, T. similis; Tannia spp., Thecodiplosis japonensis, Tipula oleracea, Tipula paludosa, and Wohlfahrtia spp;

insects from the order of Thysanoptera for example, Baliothnps biformis, Dichromothnps corbetti, Dichromothnps ssp., Echinothnps americanus, Enneothnps flavens, Frankliniella spp. such as F. fusca, F. occidentalis, F. tritici, Heliothnps spp., Hercinothrips femoralis, Kakothrips spp., Microcephalothnps abdominalis, Neohydatothrips samayunkur, Pezothrips kellyanus, Rhippiphorothrips cruentatus, Scirtothrips spp. such as S. citri, S. dorsalis, S. perseae; Stenchaetothnps spp, Taeniothrips cardamoni, Taeniothrips inconsequens, Thrips spp. such as T. imagines, T. hawaiiensis, T. oryzae, T. palmi, T. parvispinus, T. tabaci;

insects from the order of Hemiptera for example, Acizzia jamatonica, Acrosternum spp. such as A. hilare; Acyrthosipon spp. such as A. onobrychis, A. pisum; Adelges laricis, Adelges tsugae, Adelphocoris spp., such as A. rapidus, A. superbus; Aeneolamia spp., Agonoscena spp., Aulacorthum solani, Aleurocanthus woglumi, Aleurodes spp., Aleurodicus disperses, Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrbos spp., Amrasca spp., Anasa tristis, Antestiopsis spp., Anuraphis cardui, Aonidiella spp., Aphanostigma piri, Aphidula nasturtii, Aphis spp. such as A. craccivora, A. fabae, A. forbesi, A. gossypii, A. grossulariae, A. maidiradicis, A. pomi, A. sambuci, A. schneideri, A. spiraecola; Arboridia apicalis, Arilus critatus, Aspidiella spp., Aspidiotus spp., Atanus spp., Aulacaspis yasumatsui, Aulacorthum solani, Bactericera cockerelli (Paratrioza cockerelli), Bemisia spp. such as B. argentifolii, B. tabaci (Aleurodes tabaci); Blissus spp. such as B. leucopterus; Brachycaudus spp. such as B. cardui, B. helichrysi, B. persicae, B. prunicola; Brachycolus spp., Brachycorynella asparagi, Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp. such as C. fulguralis, C. pyricola (Psylla piri); Calligypona marginata, Calocoris spp., Campylomma livida, Capitophorus horni, Cameocephala fulgida, Cavelerius spp., Ceraplastes spp., Ceratovacuna lanigera, Ceroplastes ceriferus, Cerosipha gossypii, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Chionaspis tegalensis, Chlorita onukii, Chromaphis juglandicola, Chrysomphalus ficus, Cicadulina mbsla, Cimex spp. such as C. hemipterus, C. lectularius; Coccomytilus halli, Coccus spp. such as C. hesperidum, C. pseudomagnoliarum; Colythucha arcuata, Creontiades dilutus, Cryptomyzus ribis, Chrysomphalus aonidum, Cryptomyzus ribis, Ctenalytaina spatulata, Cyrtopeltis notatus, Dalbulus spp., Dasynus piperis, Dialeurodes spp. such as D. citrifolii; Dalbulus maidis, Diaphorina spp. such as D. citri; Diaspis spp. such as D. bromeliae; Dichelops furcatus, Diconocoris hewetti, Doralis spp., Dreyfusia nordmannianae, Dreyfusia piceae, Drosicha spp., Dysaphis spp. such as D. plantaginea, D. pyri, D. radicola; Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani, Dysdercus spp. such as D. cingulatus, D. intermedius; Dysmicoccus spp., Edessa spp., Geocoris spp., Empoasca spp. such as E. fabae, E. solana; Epidiaspis leperii, Eriosoma spp. such as E. lanigerum, E. pyricola; Elythroneura spp., Eurygaster spp. such as E. integriceps; Euscelis bilobatus, Euschistus spp. such as E. heros, E. impictiventris, E. servus; Fiorinia theae, Geococcus coffeae, Glycaspis brimblecombei, Halyomorpha spp. such as H. halys; Heliopeltis spp., Homalodisca vitripennis (=H. coagulata), Horcias nobilellus, Hyalopterus pruni, Hyperomyzus lactucae, Icerya spp. such as I. purchase; Idiocerus spp., Idioscopus spp., Laodelphax striatellus, Lecanium spp., Lecanoideus floccissimus, Lepidosaphes spp. such as L. ulmi; Leptocorisa spp., Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lipaphis erysimi, Lygus spp. such as L. hesperus, L. lineolaris, L. pratensis; Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Marchalina hellenica, Macropes excavatus, Macrosiphum spp. such as M. rosae, M. avenae, M. euphorbiae; Macrosteles quadrilineatus, Mahanarva fimbriolata, Megacopta cribraria, Megoura viciae, Melanaphis pyrarius, Melanaphis sacchari, Melanocallis (=Tinocallis) caryaefoliae, Metcafiella spp., Metopolophium dirhodum, Monellia costalis, Monelliopsis pecanis, Myzocallis coryli, Murgantia spp., Myzus spp. such as M. ascalonicus, M. cerasi, M. nicotianae, M. persicae, M. varians; Nasonovia ribis-nigri, Neotoxoptera formosana, Neomegalotomus spp, Nephotettix spp. such as N. malayanus, N. nigropictus, N. parvus, N. virescens; Nezara spp. such as N. viridula; Nilaparvata lugens, Nysius huttoni, Oebalus spp. such as O. pugnax; Oncometopia spp., Orthezia praelonga, Oxycaraenus hyalinipennis, Parabemisia myricae, Parlatoria spp., Parthenolecanium spp. such as P. corni, P. persicae; Pemphigus spp. such as P. bursarius, P. populivenae; Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella saccharicida, Phenacoccus spp. such as P. aceris, P. gossypii, Phloeomyzus passerinii, Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp. such as P. devastatnx, Piesma quadrata, Piezodorus spp. such as P. guildinii, Pinnaspis aspidistrae, Planococcus spp. such as P. citri, P. ficus; Prosapia bicincta, Protopulvinaria pyriformis, Psallus seriatus, Pseudacysta persea, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, Pseudococcus spp. such as P. comstocki, Psylla spp. such as P. mali; Pteromalus spp., Pulvinaria amygdali, Pyrilla spp., Quadraspidiotus spp., such as Q. pemiciosus; Quesada gigas, Rastrococcus spp., Reduvius senilis, Rhizoecus americanus, Rhodnius spp., Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus, Rhopalosiphum spp. such as R. pseudobrassicas, R. insertum, R. maidis, R. pack Sagatodes spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Saissetia spp., Sappaphis mala, Sappaphis mali, Scaptocoris spp., Scaphoides titanus, Schizaphis graminum, Schizoneura lanuginosa, Scotinophora spp., Selenaspidus articulatus, Sitobion avenae, Sogata spp., Sogatella furcifera, Solubea insularis, Spissistilus festinus (=Stictocephala festina), Stephanitis nashi, Stephanitis pyrioides, Stephanitis takeyai, Tenalaphara malayensis, Tetraleurodes perseae, Therioaphis maculate, Thyanta spp. such as T. accerra, T. perditor; Tibraca spp., Tomaspis spp., Toxoptera spp. such as T. aurantii; Trialeurodes spp. such as T. abutilonea, T. ricini, T. vaporariorum; Triatoma spp., Trioza spp., Typhlocyba spp., Unaspis spp. such as U. citri, U. yanonensis; and Viteus vitifolii,

Insects from the order Hymenoptera for example Acanthomyops interjectus, Athalia rosae, Atta spp. such as A. capiguara, A. cephalotes, A. cephalotes, A. laevigata, A. robusta, A. sexdens, A. texana, Bombus spp., Brachymyrmex spp., Camponotus spp. such as C. floridanus, C. pennsylvanicus, C. modoc; Cardiocondyla nuda, Chalibion sp, Crematogaster spp., Dasymutilla occidentalis, Diprion spp., Dolichovespula maculata, Dorymyrmex spp., Diyocosmus kuriphilus, Formica spp., Hoplocampa spp. such as H. minuta, H. testudinea; Iridomyrmex humilis, Lasius spp. such as L. niger, Linepithema humile, Liometopum spp., Leptocybe invasa, Monomorium spp. such as M. pharaonis, Monomorium, Nylandria fulva, Pachycondyla chinensis, Paratrechina longicomis, Paravespula spp., such as P. germanica, P. pennsylvanica, P. vulgaris; Pheidole spp. such as P. megacephala; Pogonomyrmex spp. such as P. barbatus, P. californicus, Polistes rubiginosa, Prenolepis impairs, Pseudomyrmex gracilis, Schelipron spp., Sirex cyaneus, Solenopsis spp. such as S. geminata, S. invicta, S. molesta, S. richten, S. xyloni, Sphecius speciosus, Sphex spp., Tapinoma spp. such as T. melanocephalum, T. sessile; Tetramorium spp. such as T. caespitum, T. bicarinatum, Vespa spp. such as V. crabro; Vespula spp. such as V. squamosal; Wasmannia auropunctata, Xylocopa sp;

Insects from the order Orthoptera for example Acheta domesticus, Calliptamus italicus, Chortoicetes terminifera, Ceuthophilus spp., Diastrammena asynamora, Dociostaurus maroccanus, Gryllotalpa spp. such as G. africana, G. gryllotalpa; Gryllus spp., Hieroglyphus daganensis, Kraussaria angulifera, Locusta spp. such as L. migratoria, L. pardalina; Melanoplus spp. such as M. bivittatus, M. femurrubrum, M. mexicanus, M. sanguinipes, M. spretus; Nomadacris septemfasciata, Oedaleus senegalensis, Scapteriscus spp., Schistocerca spp. such as S. americana, S. gregaria, Stemopelmatus spp., Tachycines asynamorus, and Zonozerus variegatus;

Pests from the Class Arachnida for example Acari, e.g. of the families Argasidae, Ixodidae and Sarcoptidae, such as Amblyomma spp. (e.g. A. americanum, A. variegatum, A. maculatum), Argas spp. such as A. persicu), Boophilus spp. such as B. annulatus, B. decoloratus, B. microplus, Dermacentor spp. such as D. silvarum, D. andersoni, D. variabilis, Hyalomma spp. such as H. truncatum, Ixodes spp. such as I. ricinus, I. rubicundus, I. scapularis, I. holocyclus, I. pacificus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ornithodorus spp. such as O. moubata, O. hermsi, O. turicata, Ornithonyssus bacoti, Otobius megnini, Dermanyssus galllnae, Psoroptes spp. such as P. ovis, Rhipicephalus spp. such as R. sanguineus, R. appendiculatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi, Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp. such as S. scabiei; and Family Eriophyidae including Aceria spp. such as A. sheldoni, A. anthocoptes, Acallitus spp., Aculops spp. such as A. lycopersici, A. pelekassi, Aculus spp. such as A. schlechtendali; Colomerus vitis, Epitrimerus pyri, Phyllocoptruta oleivora; Eriophytes ribis and Eriophyes spp. such as Eriophyes sheldoni; Family Tarsonemidae including Hemitarsonemus spp., Phytonemus pallidus and Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Stenotarsonemus spp. Steneotarsonemus spini, Family Tenuipalpidae including Brevipalpus spp. such as B. phoenicis; Family Tetranychidae including Eotetranychus spp., Eutetranychus spp., Oligonychus spp., Petrobia latens, Tetranychus spp. such as T. cinnabarinus, T. evansi, T. kanzawai, T. pacificus, T. phaseulus, T. telarius and T. urticae; Bryobia praetiosa; Panonychus spp. such as P. ulmi, P. citri, Metatetranychus spp. and Oligonychus spp. such as O. pratensis, O. perseae, Vasates lycopersici; Raoiella indica, Family Carpoglyphidae including Carpoglyphus spp.; Penthaleidae spp. such as Halotydeus destructor, Family Demodicidae with species such as Demodex spp.; Family Trombicidea including Trombicula spp.; Family Macronyssidae including Ornothonyssus spp.; Family Pyemotidae including Pyemotes tritici, Tyrophagus putrescentiae; Family Acaridae including Acarus siro; Family Araneida including Latrodectus mactans, Tegenaria agrestis, Chiracanthium sp, Lycosa sp Achaearanea tepidariorum and Loxosceles reclusa;

Pests from the Phylum Nematoda, for example, plant parasitic nematodes such as root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. such as M. hapla, M. incognita, M. javanica; cyst-forming nematodes, Globodera spp. such as G. rostochiensis; Heterodera spp. such as H. avenae, H. glycines, H. schachtii, H. trifolii; Seed gall nematodes, Anguina spp.; Stem and foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides spp. such as A. besseyi; Sting nematodes, Belonolaimus spp. such as B. longicaudatus; Pine nematodes, Bursaphelenchus spp. such as B. lignicolus, B. xylophilus; Ring nematodes, Criconema spp., Criconemella spp. such as C. xenoplax and C. ornata; and, Criconemoides spp. such as Criconemoides informis; Mesocriconema spp.; Stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus spp. such as D. destructor, D. dipsaci; Awl nematodes, Dolichodorus spp.; Spiral nematodes, Heliocotylenchus multicinctus; Sheath and sheathoid nematodes, Hemicycliophora spp. and Hemicriconemoides spp.; Hirshmanniella spp.; Lance nematodes, Hoploaimus spp.; False rootknot nematodes, Nacobbus spp.; Needle nematodes, Longidorus spp. such as L. elongatus; Lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp. such as P. brachyurus, P. neglectus, P. penetrans, P. curvitatus, P. goodeyi; Burrowing nematodes, Radopholus spp. such as R. similis; Rhadopholus spp.; Rhodopholus spp.; Reniform nematodes, Rotylenchus spp. such as R. robustus, R. reniformis; Scutellonema spp.; Stubby-root nematode, Trichodorus spp. such as T. obtusus, T. primitivus; Paratrichodorus spp. such as P. minor; Stunt nematodes, Tylenchorhynchus spp. such as T. claytoni, T. dubius; Citrus nematodes, Tylenchulus spp. such as T. semipenetrans; Dagger nematodes, Xiphinema spp.; and other plant parasitic nematode species;

Insects from the order Isoptera for example Calotermes flaicollis, Coptotermes spp. such as C. formosanus, C. gestroi, C. acinaciformis; Cornitermes cumulans, Cryptotermes spp. such as C. brevis, C. cavifrons; Globitermes sulfureus, Heterotermes spp. such as H. aureus, H. longiceps, H. tenuis; Leucotermes flavipes, Odontotermes spp., Incisitermes spp. such as I. minor, I. Snyder, Marginitermes hubbardi, Mastotermes spp. such as M. darwiniensis Neocapritermes spp. such as N. opacus, N. parvus; Neotermes spp., Procornitermes spp., Zootermopsis spp. such as Z. angusticollis, Z. nevadensis, Reticulitermes spp. such as R. hesperus, R. tibialis, R. speratus, R. flavipes, R. grassei, R. lucifugus, R. santonensis, R. virginicus; Termes natalensis,

Insects from the order Blattaria for example Blatta spp. such as B. orientalis, B. lateralis; Blattella spp. such as B. asahinae, B. germanica; Leucophaea maderae, Panchlora nivea, Periplaneta spp. such as P. americana, P. australasiae, P. brunnea, P. fuligginosa, P. japonica; Supella longipalpa, Parcoblatta pennsylvanica, Eutycotis floridana, Pycnoscelus surinamensis,

Insects from the order Siphonoptera for example Cediopsylla simples, Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp. such as C. fells, C. canis, Xenopsylla cheopis, Pulex irritans, Trichodectes canis, Tunga penetrans, and Nosopsyllus fasciatus,

Insects from the order Thysanura for example Lepisma saccharina, Ctenolepisma urbana, and Thermobia domestica,

Pests from the class Chilopoda for example Geophilus spp., Scutigera spp. such as Scutigera coleoptrata;

Pests from the class Diplopoda for example Blaniulus guttulatus, Julus spp., Narceus spp.,

Pests from the class Symphyla for example Scutigerella immaculata,

Insects from the order Dermaptera, for example Forficula auricularia,

Insects from the order Collembola, for example Onychiurus spp., such as Onychiurus armatus,

Pests from the order Isopoda for example, Armadillidium vulgare, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber,

Insects from the order Phthiraptera, for example Damalinia spp., Pediculus spp. such as Pediculus humanus capitis, Pediculus humanus corporis, Pediculus humanus humanus; Pthirus pubis, Haematopinus spp. such as Haematopinus eurysternus, Haematopinus suis; Linognathus spp. such as Linognathus Bovicola bovis, Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus stramineus and Solenopotes capillatus, Trichodectes spp.,

Examples of further pest species which may be controlled by mixtures of the invention include: from the Phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia, for example, Dreissena spp.; class Gastropoda, for example, Arion spp., Biomphalaria spp., Bulinus spp., Deroceras spp., Galba spp., Lymnaea spp., Oncomelania spp., Pomacea canaliclata, Succinea spp.; from the class of the helminths, for example, Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, Acylostoma braziliensis, Ancylostoma spp., Ascaris lubricoides, Ascaris spp., Brugia malayi, Brugia timori, Bunostomum spp., Chabertia spp., Clonorchis spp., Cooperia spp., Dicrocoelium spp., Dictyocaulus filaria, Diphyllobothrium latum, Dracunculus medinensis, Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multilocularis, Enterobius vermicularis, Faciola spp., Haemonchus spp. such as Haemonchus contortus; Heterakis spp., Hymenolepis nana, Hyostrongulus spp., Loa Loa, Nematodirus spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Opisthorchis spp., Onchocerca volvulus, Ostertagia spp., Paragonimus spp., Schistosomen spp., Strongyloides fuellebomi, Strongyloides stercora lis, Stronyloides spp., Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella nativa, Trichinella britovi, Trichinella nelsoni, Trichinella pseudopsiralis, Trichostrongulus spp., Trichuris trichuria, Wuchereria bancrofti.

Plant Diseases

The mixtures of the present inventon are particularly suitable for controlling the following plant diseases:

Albugo spp. (white rust) on ornamentals, vegetables (e. g. A. candida) and sunflowers (e. g. A. tragopogonis); Alternaria spp. (Alternaria leaf spot) on vegetables, rape (A. brassicola or brassicae), sugar beets (A. tenuis), fruits, rice, soybeans, potatoes (e. g. A. solani or A. altemata), tomatoes (e. g. A. solani or A. altemata) and wheat; Aphanomyces spp. on sugar beets and vegetables; Ascochyta spp. on cereals and vegetables, e. g. A. tritici (anthracnose) on wheat and A. hordei on barley; Bipolaris and Drechslera spp. (teleomorph: Cochliobolus spp.), e. g. Southern leaf blight (D. maydis) or Northern leaf blight (B. zeicola) on corn, e. g. spot blotch (B. sorokiniana) on cereals and e. g. B. oryzae on rice and turfs; Blumeria (formerly Erysiphe) graminis (powdery mildew) on cereals (e. g. on wheat or barley); Botrytis cinerea (teleomorph: Botryotinia fuckeliana: grey mold) on fruits and berries (e. g. strawberries), vegetables (e. g. lettuce, carrots, celery and cabbages), rape, flowers, vines, forestry plants and wheat; Bremia lactucae (downy mildew) on lettuce; Ceratocystis (syn. Ophiostoma) spp. (rot or wilt) on broad-leaved trees and evergreens, e. g. C. ulmi (Dutch elm disease) on elms; Cercospora spp. (Cercospora leaf spots) on corn (e. g. Gray leaf spot: C. zeae-maydis), rice, sugar beets (e. g. C. beticola), sugar cane, vegetables, coffee, soybeans (e. g. C. sofina or C. kikuchii) and rice; Cladosporium spp. on tomatoes (e. g. C. fulvum: leaf mold) and cereals, e. g. C. herbarum (black ear) on wheat; Claviceps purpurea (ergot) on cereals; Cochliobolus (anamorph: Helminthosporium of Bipolaris) spp. (leaf spots) on corn (C. carbonum), cereals (e. g. C. sativus, anamorph: B. sorokiniana) and rice (e. g. C. miyabeanus, anamorph: H. oryzae); Colletotrichum (teleomorph: Glomerella) spp. (anthracnose) on cotton (e. g. C. gossypii), corn (e. g. C. graminicola: Anthracnose stalk rot), soft fruits, potatoes (e. g. C. coccodes: black dot), beans (e. g. C. lindemuthianum) and soybeans (e. g. C. truncatum or C. gloeosporioides); Corticium spp., e. g. C. sasakii (sheath blight) on rice; Corynespora cassiicola (leaf spots) on soybeans and ornamentals; Cycloconium spp., e. g. C. oleaginum on olive trees; Cylindrocarpon spp. (e. g. fruit tree canker or young vine decline, teleomorph: Nectria or Neonectria spp.) on fruit trees, vines (e. g. C. liriodendri, teleomorph: Neonectria liriodendri: Black Foot Disease) and ornamentals; Dematophora (teleomorph: Rosellinia) necatnix (root and stem rot) on soybeans; Diaporthe spp., e. g. D. phaseolorum (damping off) on soybeans; Drechslera (syn. Helminthosporium, teleomorph: Pyrenophora) spp. on corn, cereals, such as barley (e. g. D. teres, net blotch) and wheat (e. g. D. tritici-repentis: tan spot), rice and turf; Esca (dieback, apoplexy) on vines, caused by Formitiporia (syn. Phellinus) punctata, F. mediterranea, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (earlier Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum), Phaeoacremonium aleophilum and/or Botryosphaeria obtusa; Elsinoe spp. on pome fruits (E. pyri), soft fruits (E. veneta: anthracnose) and vines (E. ampelina: anthracnose); Entyloma oryzae (leaf smut) on rice; Epicoccum spp. (black mold) on wheat; Erysiphe spp. (powdery mildew) on sugar beets (E. betae), vegetables (e. g. E. pisi), such as cucurbits (e. g. E. cichoracearum), cabbages, rape (e. g. E. cruciferarum); Eutypa lata (Eutypa canker or dieback, anamorph: Cytosporina lata, syn. Libertella blepharis) on fruit trees, vines and ornamental woods; Exserohilum (syn. Helminthosporium) spp. on corn (e. g. E. turcicum); Fusarium (teleomorph: Gibberella) spp. (wilt, root or stem rot) on various plants, such as F. graminearum or F. culmorum (root rot, scab or head blight) on cereals (e. g. wheat or barley), F. oxysporum on tomatoes, F. solani (f. sp. glycines now syn. F. virguliforme) and F. tucumaniae and F. brasiliense each causing sudden death syndrome on soybeans, and F. verticillioides on corn; Gaeumannomyces graminis (take-all) on cereals (e. g. wheat or barley) and corn; Gibberella spp. on cereals (e. g. G. zeae) and rice (e. g. G. fujikuroi: Bakanae disease); Glomerella cingulata on vines, pome fruits and other plants and G. gossypii on cotton; Grainstaining complex on rice; Guignardia bidwellii (black rot) on vines; Gymnosporangium spp. on rosaceous plants and junipers, e. g. G. sabinae (rust) on pears; Helminthosporium spp. (syn. Drechslera, teleomorph: Cochliobolus) on corn, cereals and rice; Hemileia spp., e. g. H. vastatrix (coffee leaf rust) on coffee; Isariopsis clavispora (syn. Cladosporium vitis) on vines; Macrophomina phaseolina (syn. phaseoli) (root and stem rot) on soybeans and cotton; Microdochium (syn. Fusarium) nivale (pink snow mold) on cereals (e. g. wheat or barley); Microsphaera diffusa (powdery mildew) on soybeans; Monilinia spp., e. g. M. laxa, M. fructicola and M. fructigena (bloom and twig blight, brown rot) on stone fruits and other rosaceous plants; Mycosphaerella spp. on cereals, bananas, soft fruits and ground nuts, such as e. g. M. graminicola (anamorph: Septoria tritici, Septoria blotch) on wheat or M. fifiensis (black Sigatoka disease) on bananas; Peronospora spp. (downy mildew) on cabbage (e. g. P. brassicae), rape (e. g. P. parasitica), onions (e. g. P. destructor), tobacco (P. tabacina) and soybeans (e. g. P. manshurica); Phakopsora pachyrhizi and P. meibomiae (soybean rust) on soybeans; Phialophora spp. e. g. on vines (e. g. P. tracheiphila and P. tetraspora) and soybeans (e. g. P. gregata: stem rot); Phoma lingam (root and stem rot) on rape and cabbage and P. betae (root rot, leaf spot and damping-off) on sugar beets; Phomopsis spp. on sunflowers, vines (e. g. P. viticola: can and leaf spot) and soybeans (e. g. stem rot: P. phaseoli, teleomorph: Diaporthe phaseolorum); Physoderma maydis (brown spots) on corn; Phytophthora spp. (wilt, root, leaf, fruit and stem root) on various plants, such as paprika and cucurbits (e. g. P. capsici), soybeans (e. g. P. megasperma, syn. P. sojae), potatoes and tomatoes (e. g. P. infestans: late blight) and broad-leaved trees (e. g. P. ramorum: sudden oak death); Plasmodiophora brassicae (club root) on cabbage, rape, radish and other plants; Plasmopara spp., e. g. P. viticola (grapevine downy mildew) on vines and P. halstedii on sunflowers; Podosphaera spp. (powdery mildew) on rosaceous plants, hop, pome and soft fruits, e. g. P. leucotricha on apples; Polymyxa spp., e. g. on cereals, such as barley and wheat (P. graminis) and sugar beets (P. betae) and thereby transmitted viral diseases; Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (eyespot, teleomorph: Tapesia yallundae) on cereals, e. g. wheat or barley; Pseudoperonospora (downy mildew) on various plants, e. g. P. cubensis on cucurbits or P. humili on hop; Pseudopezicula tracheiphila (red fire disease or, rotbrenner’, anamorph: Phialophora) on vines; Puccinia spp. (rusts) on various plants, e. g. P. triticina (brown or leaf rust), P. striiformis (stripe or yellow rust), P. hordei (dwarf rust), P. graminis (stem or black rust) or P. recondita (brown or leaf rust) on cereals, such as e. g. wheat, barley or rye, P. kuehnii (orange rust) on sugar cane and P. asparagi on asparagus; Pyrenophora (anamorph: Drechslera) tritici-repentis (tan spot) on wheat or P. teres (net blotch) on barley; Pyricularia spp., e. g. P. oryzae (teleomorph: Magnaporthe grisea, rice blast) on rice and P. grisea on turf and cereals; Pythium spp. (damping-off) on turf, rice, corn, wheat, cotton, rape, sunflowers, soybeans, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants (e. g. P. ultimum or P. aphanidermatum); Ramularia spp., e. g. R. collo-cygni (Ramularia leaf spots, Physiological leaf spots) on barley and R. beticola on sugar beets; Rhizoctonia spp. on cotton, rice, potatoes, turf, corn, rape, potatoes, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants, e. g. R. solani (root and stem rot) on soybeans, R. solani (sheath blight) on rice or R. cerealis (Rhizoctonia spring blight) on wheat or barley; Rhizopus stolonifer (black mold, soft rot) on strawberries, carrots, cabbage, vines and tomatoes; Rhynchosporium secalis (scald) on barley, rye and triticale; Sarocladium oryzae and S. attenuatum (sheath rot) on rice; Sclerotinia spp. (stem rot or white mold) on vegetables and field crops, such as rape, sunflowers (e. g. S. sclerotiorum) and soybeans (e. g. S. rolfsii or S. sclerotiorum); Septoria spp. on various plants, e. g. S. glycines (brown spot) on soybeans, S. tritici (Septoria blotch) on wheat and S. (syn. Stagonospora) nodorum (Stagonospora blotch) on cereals; Uncinula (syn. Eiysiphe) necator (powdery mildew, anamorph: Oidium tuckei) on vines; Setospaeria spp. (leaf blight) on corn (e. g. S. turcicum, syn. Helminthosporium turcicum) and turf; Sphacelotheca spp. (smut) on corn, (e. g. S. reiliana: head smut), sorghum and sugar cane; Sphaerotheca fuliginea (powdery mildew) on cucurbits; Spongospora subterranea (powdery scab) on potatoes and thereby transmitted viral diseases; Stagonospora spp. on cereals, e. g. S. nodorum (Stagonospora blotch, teleomorph: Leptosphaeria [syn. Phaeosphaeria] nodorum) on wheat; Synchytrium endobioticum on potatoes (potato wart disease); Taphrina spp., e. g. T. deformans (leaf curl disease) on peaches and T. pruni (plum pocket) on plums; Thielaviopsis spp. (black root rot) on tobacco, pome fruits, vegetables, soybeans and cotton, e. g. T. basicola (syn. Chalara elegans); Tilletia spp. (common bunt or stinking smut) on cereals, such as e. g. T. tritici (syn. T. caries, wheat bunt) and T. controversa (dwarf bunt) on wheat; Typhula incamata (grey snow mold) on barley or wheat; Urocystis spp., e. g. U. occulta (stem smut) on rye; Uromyces spp. (rust) on vegetables, such as beans (e. g. U. appendiculatus, syn. U. phaseoli) and sugar beets (e. g. U. betae); Ustilago spp. (loose smut) on cereals (e. g. U. nuda and U. avaenae), corn (e. g. U. maydis: corn smut) and sugar cane; Venturia spp. (scab) on apples (e. g. V. inaequalis) and pears; and Verticillium spp. (wilt) on various plants, such as fruits and ornamentals, vines, soft fruits, vegetables and field crops, e. g. V. dahliae on strawberries, rape, potatoes and tomatoes.

EXAMPLES

Synergism can be described as an interaction where the combined effect of two or more compounds is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each of the compounds. The presence of a synergistic effect in terms of percent control, between two mixing partners (X and Y) can be calculated using the Colby equation (Colby, S. R., 1967, Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses in Herbicide Combinations, Weeds, 15, 21-22):

$E = {X + Y - \frac{XY}{100}}$

When the observed combined control effect is greater than the expected combined control effect (E), then the combined effect is synergistic.

Tests may demonstrate the control efficacy of compounds, mixtures or compositions of this invention on specific pests. However, the pest control protection afforded by the compounds, mixtures or compositions is not limited to these species. In certain instances, combinations of a compound of this invention with other invertebrate pest control compounds or agents are found to exhibit synergistic effects against certain important invertebrate pests.

The analysis of synergism or antagonism between the mixtures or compositions may be determined using Colby's equation.

Pesticides Tested

The preferred Compound I, namely compound i of formula I has been provisionally approved under the common name broflanilide.

Formulation Description Active Ingredient Broflanilide SC Broflanilide, GABA 10% antagonist Broadband 1019 Beauveria bassiana, strain ~4 × 109 CFU/ml PPRI5339, EC formulation Dipel ® Pro DF Bacillus thuringiensis, 54% fermentation solids, subsp. kurstaki, strain spores, and toxins ABTS-351, dry flowable formulation

Lepidopteran Efficacy

Large leaf lima bean (southern armyworm) and radish (diamondback moth) were dipped in treatment solution and allowed to dry. The leaves were excised and placed individually into square petri dishes containing two filter paper discs moistened with 0.5 ml of reverse osmosis water. One neonate insect per dish (total of 20 dishes per treatment, grouped into 5 dishes per replicate) were infested for the test with southern armyworm. Five insects per dish (total of 5 dishes per treatment) were infested for the test with diamondback moth. The studies were held in an environmental chamber 14 L: 10 D at 30° C. and 70% RH. The number of dead and moribund insects were recorded (moribund was considered dead). Rate rundowns were conducted initially to determine sublethal rates for the combination testing.

5 replications with 5 insects are each conducted per treatment, insects are held singly.

Control mortality is less than 15% and standard treatments yielded 100% mortality.

TABLE 4 Efficacy of Broadband BB 1019 (B. bassiana) and broflanilide against neonate diamondback moth via radish leaf dip Mean % Mortality @ Days after Treatment Treatment 2 DAT broflanilide @ 0.01 ppm 44.0 Broadband 1019 @ 20 ul/100 ml 16.0 Combination 96.0 Synergy Factor 1.8 Synergy Observed (Colby's Formula) yes

The results showed that the combination of broflanilide and Broadband displayed an obvious synergistic effect against diamondback moth.

TABLE 5 Efficacy of Dipel (B. thuringiensis) + broflanilide against neonate southern armyworm via lima bean leaf dip Mean % Mortality @ Days after Treatment Treatment 4 DAT BAS 450 @ 0.0025 ppm 23.5 Dipel @ 25 ppm 10.3 Combination 47.1 Synergy Factor 1.5 Synergy Observed (Colby's Formula) Synergy

Efficacy of the combination of broflanilide and Dipel against southern armyworm was numerically higher than that of individual products, and showed a synergistic effect. 

1. A pesticidal mixture comprising as active components component 1) at least one pesticidal active carboxamide compound I selected from i) compound i) of formula (I)

ii) compound ii) of formula (Ia)

iii) mixtures comprising i) and ii) or the tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers or salts thereof; and component 2) B. thuringiensis, in synergistically effective amounts.
 2. The pesticidal mixture according to claim 1, wherein the carboxamide compound I is compound i) of formula (I).
 3. The pesticidal mixture according to claim 1, wherein component 1) and component 2) are present in a total weight ratio of from 100:1 to 1:100 wherein the total weight of component 2) is based on the amount of the solid material (dry matter) of component 2).
 4. The pesticidal mixture according to claim 1, further comprising as active component 3) a further active compound Ill, which is selected from insecticides or fungicides.
 5. The pesticidal mixture according to claim 4, wherein the active component 3) is an insecticide, wherein said insecticide is selected from the group consisting of fipronil, clothianidin, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, sulfoxaflor, methiocarb, tefluthrin, bifenthrin, cypermethrin, alphacypermethrin, spinosad, cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, triflumezopyrim, flupyradifurone, abamectin, thiodicarb, tetraniliprole and tioxazafen.
 6. The pesticidal mixture according to claim 4, wherein the active component 3) is a fungicide, wherein said fungicide is selected from the group consisting of azoxstrobin, trifloxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, sedaxane, penthiopyrad, penflufen, fluopyram, fluxapyroxad, boscalid, oxathiapiprolin, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, ethaboxam, dimethomorph, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, prothioconazole, flutriafol, thiabendazole, ipconazole, tebuconazole, triadimenol, prochloraz, fluquinconazole, triticonazole, fludioxonil, carboxin, silthiofarm, ziram, thiram, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, fenamidone, hymexazol, and fluazinam.
 7. A seed treatment composition comprising an auxiliary and a mixture as defined in claim 1, wherein the auxiliary is selected from the group consisting of surfactants, antifreezing agents, binders, and pigments.
 8. The seed treatment composition according to claim 7, which is in the form of a flowable concentrate FS, a solution LS, a powder for dry treatment DS, a water dispersible powder for slurry treatment WS, a water-soluble powder SS, an emulsion ES or EC, or a gel formulation.
 9. A method for controlling nematodes, controlling invertebrate pests, or protecting a plant, plant propagation material or soil or water in which the plants are growing, against the attach or infestation by invertebrate pests, comprising contacting the plant or the plant propagation material or the soil; the pests or their food supply, habitat or breeding grounds, with a pesticidally effective amount of a mixture as defined in claim
 1. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the mixture further comprises abamectin or tioxazafen.
 11. Seeds comprising the mixture as defined in claim 1 in an amount of from 0.01 g to 10000 g per 100 kg of seeds. 